Leaf-mine: An initially linear leaf-mine, normally adjoining leaf-margin and running towards apex of leaf, then turning and widening into a blotch in the area of the mid-rib (Spencer, 1972: 40, fig. 123; Spencer, 1976: 117, fig. 190).

Hooklike, upper-surface corridor. The corridor begins near the base of a leaflet, runs along the margin to the tip, then, quickly widening, redescends over the midrib towards the base of the leaflet. Frass in the corridor part in fine grains, further up in small clumps. Pupation outside the mine. Older mines turn black and then are somewhat easier to find (Bladmineerders van Europa).

A narrow corridor along the leaf edge, turning and making a blotch in the midrib area (British leafminers).

Larva: The larva is described by Allen (1958), Dempewolf (2001: 57), de Meijere (1925) and in Bladmineerders van Europa.

Puparium: Reddish-orange; posterior spiracles each with 3 bulbs (Spencer, 1976: 117).

Hosts in Britain:

Hosts elsewhere:

Time of year - mines: June-August.

Time of year - adults: Unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Common in gardens in Britain where Cytisus is frequently cultivated (Spencer, 1976) including London (Hampstead), Hertfordshire (Barnet), Surrey (Headley) (Spencer, 1972: 42), Warwickshire (Keresley) (Robbins, 1991: 42), Inverness (Aviemore) (Spencer, 1972: 42), Rum (Bland in Whiteley, 1994) and Hampshire (Fleet) (British leafminers) and Northern Ireland: Belfast (Spencer, 1972: 42); East Sussex, Shropshire, Stafford and Worcestershire (NBN Gateway - N.B. includes Watsonian Vice Counties having publicly available records that fall within or overlap the vice county border at 10km resolution or better i.e. a record for a vice county may relate to an adjacent vice county - for included datasets see NBN Grid map below).

NBN Grid map: Note that not all datasets on the NBN Gateway may be available on the map below. If you are an NBN Gateway registered user you can request access for missing datasets via the link 'Open interactive map in new window' below.

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe, including Denmark, Norway and Sweden (Spencer, 1976: 117), The Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg (Bladmineerders van Europa), Germany (Spencer, 1976: 546; Dempewolf, 2001: 57), Crete, Czech Republic, Dodecanese Is., Estonia, French mainland, Italian mainland, Lithuana, Poland and Sicily (Martinez in Fauna Europaea).

NBN interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain and Ireland and elsewhere:

Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Unknown.

Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea [128877]
NBN Gateway