Leaf-mine: Mine generally follows the leaf margin, widening from the initial linear section into an irregular broad blotch; it is dark green when fresh but quickly turns blackish (Spencer, 1972: 34 (fig. 90); Spencer, 1976: 138-9, fig. 246).

Full depth corridor that mostly starts near the leaf margin, and never begins with a series in close, intestine-like curves. Further on the corridor strongly widens, and usually remains close to the leaf margin. Often several larvae in a mine. Frass in lumps or short rods, never in long threads (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Larva: The larva is described by Dempewolf (2001) and illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.

Puparium: Reddish-brown; posterior spiracles each with 3 bulbs (Spencer, 1976: 139).

Hosts in Britain:

Hosts elsewhere:

Time of year - mines: June-September.

Time of year - adults: July.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread in Britain including London (Hampstead), Isle Of Wight, Cornwall (Helston), Suffolk (Barton Mills and Newmarket), Yorkshire (Ingleborough), Invernes (Loch Morlich) (Spencer, 1972: 35), Warwickshire (Coventry and Keresley) (Robbins, 1991: 71), Berkshire, Cambridgeshire, East Sussex, Glamorgan, Hertfordshire, Mid-west Yorkshire, Middlesex, Monmouthshire, North Hampshire, North Lincolnshire, South Hampshire, South Somerset, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Surrey, West Kent and West Suffolk (NBN Gateway - N.B. includes Watsonian Vice Counties having publicly available records that fall within or overlap the vice county border at 10km resolution or better i.e. a record for a vice county may relate to an adjacent vice county - for included datasets see NBN Grid map below).

NBN Grid map: Note that not all datasets on the NBN Gateway may be available on the map below. If you are an NBN Gateway registered user you can request access for missing datasets via the link 'Open interactive map in new window' below.

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Germany, Poland, Estonia, Latvia (Spencer, 1976: 129), The Netherlands (Bladmineerders van Europa), Belgium (de Bruyn and von Tschirnhaus, 1991), Czech Republic, European Turkey, French mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Republic of Moldova, Sardinia, Slovakia and Switzerland (Martinez in Fauna Europaea). Also recorded in Canada (Spencer, 1969a: 35).

NBN interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain and Ireland and elsewhere:

Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:

Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea [128937]
NBN Gateway