Leaf-mine: A linear-blotch mine, first instar mine is linear, later developing into a conspicuous white blotch. Frass greenish diffused (Spencer, 1972: 46, 47 (fig. 138); Spencer, 1976: 166).

The mine begins with a long, upper-surface, slender corridor. After a moult the larva changes its behaviour, and makes a large, upper-surface primary blotch without apparent feeding lines. Often the blotch overruns more or less the initial corridor. Frass in the corridor liquified to form a wide green band, with a few tiny black granules along the sides. Pupation outside the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).

An narrow gallery leading to a largish blotch on the upper surface. Frass is green and indistinct in the gallery - small grains may be seen at the gallery edge (British leafminers).

Larva: The larva is described by de Meijere (1925) and in Bladmineerders van Europa.

Puparium: The puparium is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa. Deeply segmented; posterior spiracles on short projection, each with 3 bulbs (Spencer, 1976: 167).

Amauromyza labiatarum puparium Image: Willem Ellis (Bladmineerders van Europa)

Comments: Stachys officinalis is treated as Betonica officinalis (Betony) by Stace (2010).

Hosts in Britain:

Hosts elsewhere:

Time of year - mines: June-November.

Time of year - adults: Unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread and locally common in south, also Denbighshire (Cefn-y-bedd), Perth (Killin) (Spencer, 1972: 46); Warwickshire (Coventry) (Robbins, 1991: 101), Brecon, Cambridgeshire, East Gloucestershire, East Kent, Hertfordshire, Mid-west Yorkshire, North Devon, South Essex, South Somerset, Surrey and West Gloucestershire (NBN Gateway - N.B. includes Watsonian Vice Counties having publicly available records that fall within or overlap the vice county border at 10km resolution or better i.e. a record for a vice county may relate to an adjacent vice county - for included datasets see NBN Grid map below).

Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland: Co. Killarney (Killarney) (Spencer, 1972: 46).

NBN Grid map: Note that not all datasets on the NBN Gateway may be available on the map below. If you are an NBN Gateway registered user you can request access for missing datasets via the link 'Open interactive map in new window' below.

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread and frequently common in Europe, including Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden (Spencer, 1976: 166), The Netherlands, Luxembourg (Bladmineerders van Europa), Belgium (de Bruyn and von Tschirnhaus, 1991), Germany (Spencer, 1976: 550), Albania, Austria, Czech Republic, French mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Slovakia (Martinez in Fauna Europaea)..

NBN interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain and Ireland and elsewhere:

Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:

Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea [128643]
NBN Gateway