Stem-borer: Larva feeding in stems and buds (Ackland in Chandler, 1978: 227).

Elongated-oval eggs are deposited at either side of the leaf. They have irregularly keeled ribs running from one pole to the other (Miles, 1952, 1953).

The larva primarily lives as a borer in stem and petioles, but is capable of making corridor-like excursions in the lamina (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Although previously recorded as a miner in stems of Sambucus, Botanophila fugax is a common saprophagous species, the larvae normally feeding in the soil (Griffiths, pers. comm.).

Larva: The larva is described by Miles (1952).

Puparium: Details unknown.

Comments: Ackland in Chandler (1978) did not indicate whether his host records were British or Foreign and are therefore tentatively included under 'Hosts in Britain' and 'Hosts elsewhere'.

Hosts in Britain:

Hosts elsewhere:

Time of year - larvae: Unknown.

Time of year - adults: Unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread in Britain including Anglesey, Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Cardiganshire, Cheshire, Cumberland, Denbighshire, Derbyshire, Durham, East Kent, East Ross, East Suffolk, East Sussex, Easterness, Elgin, Glamorgan, Herefordshire, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Main Argyll, Mid-west Yorkshire, Middlesex, Monmouthshire,
Montgomeryshire, North Aberdeen, North Devon, North Ebudes, North Lincolnshire, North Somerset, North-east Yorkshire, Oxfordshire, Pembrokeshire, Shropshire, South Aberdeen, South Devon, South Essex, South Hampshire, South Lancaster, South Wiltshire, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Surrey, Warwickshire, West Gloucestershire, West Kent, West Lancaster, West Suffolk, West Sussex and Westmorland (NBN Gateway - N.B. includes Watsonian Vice Counties having publicly available records that fall within or overlap the vice county border at 10km resolution or better i.e. a record for a vice county may relate to an adjacent vice county - for included datasets see NBN Grid map below).

Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Michelsen, in Fauna Europaea).

NBN Grid map: Note that not all datasets on the NBN Gateway may be available on the map below. If you are an NBN Gateway registered user you can request access for missing datasets via the link 'Open interactive map in new window' below.

Distribution elsewhere: Europe (Hering, 1957) including The Netherlands and Belgium (Gosseries and Ackland, 1991; de Meijere, 1939), Austria, Corsica, Denmark, Faroe Is., Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Iceland, Italian mainland, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Russi (Central, Northwest and North), Slovakia, Sweden and Switzerland (Michelsen, in Fauna Europaea).

NBN interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain and Ireland and elsewhere:

Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Unknown.

Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea
NBN Gateway