|
Leaf-mine: See syngenesiae (Hardy) and horticola (Goureau).
Larva:
See syngenesiae
(Hardy) and horticola
(Goureau).
Puparium:
See syngenesiae
(Hardy) and horticola
(Goureau).
Comments:
Two highly polyphagous species of Chromatomyia, with indistinguishable
mines, have been recorded in Britain. These are syngenesiae
(Hardy) and horticola
(Goureau). Griffiths (1967b),
after critical examination of male genitalia, confirmed that the
hosts of syngenesiae
are almost exclusively genera of Asteraceae, with just two exceptions,
one on Daucus [Apiaceae]
in Denmark and the other on Pisum
[Fabaceae] in California, U.S.A. C.
horticola mines numerous plant families including Asteraceae.
The two species can only be distinguished by the structure of the
male genitalia.
British
records of syngenesiae,
horticola or
'atricornis' on hosts
other than Asteraceae in Britain, are assumed to represent horticola.
British
records of horticola
and syngenesiae
on Asteraceae hosts not based on examination of the genitalia of
associated males are treated here as Chromatomyia
'atricornis' and may represent either horticola
or syngenesiae..
Hosts
cited here include 55 plant genera in the family Asteraceae worldwide
and 31 plant genera in Britain.
As
the mines of horticola
and syngenesiae
are indistinguishable, the chalcidoid parasitoids recorded from
these two species are listed below, as 'atricornis', horticola and/or syngenesiae.
Chrysanthemum
segetum is treated as Glebionis
segetum (Corn Marigold) and Picris
echioides is treated as Helminthotheca
echioides (Bristly Oxtongue) by Stace (2010).
Hosts
in Britain:
| Asteraceae |
|
|
|
| Achillea
|
filipendulina
|
Fern-leaf
Yarrow |
Robbins,
1991: 115, as horticola |
| Achillea
|
millefolium
|
Yarrow |
Robbins,
1991: 115, as horticola |
| Achillea
|
millefolium
|
Yarrow |
Spencer,
1972: 111, as syngenesiae |
| Achillea
|
ptarmica
|
Sneezewort |
Robbins,
1991: 115, as horticola |
| Achillea
|
ptarmica
|
Sneezewort |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Achillea
|
ptarmica
|
Sneezewort |
Spencer,
1972: 111, as syngenesiae |
| Achillea
|
sibirica
|
|
Mines
in BMNH |
| Ageratum
|
houstonianum
|
Flossflower |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Anthemis
|
|
|
Pitkin and Plant |
| Anthemis
|
cotula
|
Stinking
Chamomile |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Anthemis
|
cotula
|
Stinking
Chamomile |
Spencer,
1972: 111, as syngenesiae |
| Arctium
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 119, as syngenesiae |
| Arctium
|
lappa |
Greater
Burdock |
Spencer,
1972: 111, as syngenesiae |
| Argyranthemum |
|
|
Pitkin and Plant |
| Artemisia
|
|
|
Robbins,
1983: 25, as horticola |
| Artemisia
|
absinthium
|
Wormwood |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Artemisia
|
vulgaris
|
Mugwort |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Artemisia
|
vulgaris
|
Mugwort |
Spencer,
1972: 111, as syngenesiae |
| Artemisia
|
vulgaris
|
Mugwort |
Robbins,
1991: 119, as syngenesiae |
| Aster
|
novae-angliae
|
Hairy
Michaelmas-daisy |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Aster
|
novae-angliae
|
Hairy
Michaelmas-daisy |
Spencer,
1972: 111, as syngenesiae |
| ?
Bidens |
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 109, as horticola |
| Bidens
|
cernua
|
Nodding
Bur-marigold |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Bidens
|
tripartita
|
Trifid
Bur-marigold |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Bidens
|
tripartita
|
Trifid
Bur-marigold |
Spencer,
1972: 112, as syngenesiae |
| Centaurea
|
|
|
Robbins,
1983: 25, as horticola |
| Centaurea
|
|
|
Robbins,
1983-7, as syngenesiae |
| Centaurea
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 122, as horticola |
| Centaurea
|
cyanus
|
Cornflower |
Pitkin and Plant, as syngenesiae |
| Centaurea
|
cyanus
|
Cornflower |
Spencer,
1972: 112, as syngenesiae |
| Centaurea
|
montana
|
Perennial
Cornflower |
Robbins,
1991: 122, as horticola |
| Centaurea
|
jacea
|
Brown
Knapweed |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Centaurea
|
nigra
|
Common
Knapweed |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Centaurea
|
nigra
|
Common
Knapweed |
Spencer,
1972: 112, as syngenesiae |
| Centaurea
|
scabiosa
|
Greater
Knapweed |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Centaurea
|
scabiosa
|
Greater
Knapweed |
Spencer,
1972: 112, as syngenesiae |
| Chrysanthemum
|
|
|
Robbins,
1983-7, as syngenesiae |
| Chrysanthemum
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 116, as syngenesiae |
| Chrysanthemum
|
|
|
Robbins,
1983: 26, as horticola |
| Chrysanthemum
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 116, as horticola |
| Chrysanthemum
|
argyrophyllum |
|
Pitkin and Plant |
| Chrysanthemum
|
morifolium
|
|
Mines
in BMNH |
| Chrysanthemum
|
parthenium
|
Feverfew |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Chrysanthemum
|
segetum
|
Corn
Marigold |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Chrysanthemum
|
segetum
|
Corn
Marigold |
Mines
in BMNH, as syngenesiae |
| Cicerbita
|
|
|
Mines
in BMNH |
| Cichorium
|
intybus
|
Chicory |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Cichorium
|
intybus
|
Chicory |
Spencer,
1972: 112, as syngenesiae |
| Cirsium
|
arvense
|
Creeping
Thistle |
Spencer,
1972: 112, as syngenesiae |
| Cirsium
|
vulgare
|
Spear Thistle |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Cirsium
|
vulgare
|
Spear Thistle |
Spencer,
1972: 113, as syngenesiae |
| Crepis
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 124, as horticola |
| Cynara |
scolymus |
Globe
Artichoke |
Pitkin and Plant, as horticola |
| Dahlia
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 109, as horticola |
| Echinops
|
banaticus
|
Blue
Globe-thistle |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Echinops
|
banaticus
|
Blue
Globe-thistle |
Spencer,
1972: 113, as syngenesiae |
| Erigeron
|
canadensis
|
Canadian
Fleabane |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Erigeron
|
canadensis
|
Canadian
Fleabane |
Spencer,
1972: 113, as syngenesiae |
| Eupatorium
|
|
|
Robbins,
1983: 26, as horticola |
| Eupatorium
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 113, as syngenesiae |
| Eupatorium
|
|
|
Mines
in BMNH |
| Eupatorium
|
cannabinum
|
Hemp-agrimony |
Spencer,
1972: 113, as syngenesiae |
| Galinsoga
|
parviflora
|
Gallant-soldier |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Gazania
|
|
|
Mines
in BMNH |
| Gerbera |
jamesonii |
|
Pitkin and Plant |
| Helianthus |
|
|
Pitkin and Plant |
| Helianthus
|
rigidus
|
|
Mines
in BMNH |
| Hieracium
|
|
|
Spencer,
1972: 87, as syngenesiae |
| Hieracium
|
|
|
Mines
in BMNH |
| Hieracium
|
umbellatum
|
Umbellate
Hawkweed |
Spencer,
1972: 113, as syngenesiae |
|
?
Iva
|
|
|
Pitkin and Plant |
| Lactuca
|
|
|
Pitkin and Plant |
| Lactuca
|
serriola
|
Prickly
Lettuce |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Lactuca
|
virosa
|
Great
Lettuce |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Lapsana
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 124, as horticola |
| Lapsana
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 124, as syngenesiae |
| Lapsana
|
communis |
Nipplewort |
Pitkin and Plant |
| Leucanthemum
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 116, as syngenesiae |
| Leucanthemum |
x
superbum |
Shasta
Daisy |
Mines
in BMNH, as Chrysanthemum maximum |
| Leucanthemum
|
x
superbum |
Shasta
Daisy |
Robbins,
1991: 116, as horticola on Chrysanthemum maximum |
| Mycelis
|
|
|
Pitkin and Plant, as atricornis and horticola |
| Mycelis
|
muralis
|
Wall
Lettuce |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Pericallis |
hybrida |
Cineraria |
Pitkin and Plant |
| Picris |
|
|
Pitkin and Plant |
| Picris
|
echioides
|
Bristly
Oxtongue |
Mines
in BMNH |
|
?
Pulicaria
|
dysenterica |
?
Common Fleabane |
Pitkin and Plant |
| Rudbeckia
|
|
|
Robbins,
1983: 26, as horticola |
| Senecio
|
|
|
Robbins,
1983: 26, as horticola |
| Senecio
|
|
|
Pitkin and Plant, as atricornis and syngenesiae |
| Senecio
|
aquaticus
|
Marsh
Ragwort |
Spencer,
1972: 114, as syngenesiae |
| Senecio
|
cruentatus
|
|
Spencer,
1972: 114, as syngenesiae |
| Senecio |
erucifolius |
Hoary
Ragwort |
Pitkin and Plant, as syngenesiae |
| Senecio
|
jacobaea
|
Common
Ragwort |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Senecio
|
squalidus
|
Oxford
Ragwort |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Senecio
|
squalidus
|
Oxford
Ragwort |
Spencer,
1972: 114, as syngenesiae |
| Senecio
|
sylvaticus
|
Heath
Groundsel |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Senecio
|
sylvaticus
|
Heath
Groundsel |
Spencer,
1972: 114, as syngenesiae |
| Senecio
|
vulgaris
|
Groundsel |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Sonchus
|
|
|
Robbins,
1983: 26, as horticola |
| Sonchus
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 121, as syngenesiae |
| Sonchus
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 121, as horticola |
| Sonchus
|
arvensis
|
Perennial
Sow-thistle |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Sonchus
|
asper
|
Prickly
Sow-thistle |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Sonchus
|
oleraceus
|
Smooth
Sow-thistle |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Sonchus
|
palustris
|
Marsh
Sow-thistle |
Spencer,
1972: 115, as syngenesiae |
| Sonchus
|
scorpioides
|
|
Mines
in BMNH |
| Tanacetum
|
parthenium
|
Feverfew |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Tanacetum
|
parthenium
|
Feverfew |
Robbins,
1991: 117, as horticola |
| Tanacetum
|
vulgare
|
Tansy |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Tanacetum
|
vulgare
|
Tansy |
Robbins,
1991: 117, as horticola |
| Taraxacum
|
|
|
Mines
in BMNH |
| Taraxacum
|
|
|
Pitkin and Plant, as atricornis and syngenesiae |
| Taraxacum
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 121, as horticola |
| Taraxacum
|
officinale
|
Dandelion |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Taraxacum
|
officinale
|
Dandelion |
Pitkin and Plant, as syngenesiae |
| Tripleurospermum
|
maritimum
x inodora |
|
Spencer,
1972: 114, as syngenesiae group |
Hosts
elsewhere:
| Asteraceae |
|
|
|
| Achillea
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 301 |
| Ambrosia |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 316 |
| Anacyclus |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 301 |
| Anaphalis |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 273 |
| Anaphalis |
|
|
Bladmineerders
van Europa, as
cf. syngenesiae |
| Andryala |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 259 |
| Arctium |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 251 |
| Arnica |
|
|
Bladmineerders
van Europa, as
cf. syngenesiae |
| Arnoseris |
|
|
Bladmineerders
van Europa,
as cf. syngenesiae
|
| Anthemis |
|
|
Bladmineerders
van Europa,
as cf. syngenesiae |
| Asteriscus |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa, as cf. syngenesiae |
| Carlina |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 249 |
| Chondrilla |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 259 |
| Cicerbita |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 259 |
| Cnicus |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 251 |
| Cynara |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 251 |
| Echinops |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 249 |
| Eupatorium |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 289 |
| Filago |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 273 |
| Guizotia |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 316 |
| Hieracium |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 259 |
| Hypochaeris |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 259 |
| Iva |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 316 |
| Jurinea |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 251 |
| Lapsana |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 259 |
| Leontodon |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 259 |
| Leontopodium |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 273 |
| Mycelis |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 259 |
| Onopordum |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 251 |
| Pulicaria |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 273 |
| Reichardia |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 259 |
| Santolina |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 301 |
| Saussurea |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 251 |
| Serratula |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 251 |
| Telekia |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 273 |
| Tragopogon |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 259 |
| Xanthium |
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 316 |
Time
of year - mines: See syngenesiae
(Hardy) and horticola
(Goureau).
Time
of year - adults: See syngenesiae
(Hardy) and horticola
(Goureau).
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: See syngenesiae
(Hardy) and horticola
(Goureau).
Distribution
elsewhere: See syngenesiae
(Hardy) and horticola
(Goureau).
NBN
interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain
and Ireland and elsewhere: See syngenesiae
(Hardy) and horticola
(Goureau).
Parasitoids
in Britain and elsewhere [may include records of 'atricornis',
horticola and/or syngenesiae]
| Aphelinus
asychis Walker, 1839 |
Hymenoptera:
Aphelinidae |
| Chrysocharis
liriomyzae Delucchi, 1954 |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Chrysocharis
orbicularis (Nees, 1834) |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Chrysocharis
pentheus (Walker, 1839) |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Chrysocharis
pubicornis (Zetterstedt, 1838) |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Chrysocharis
viridis (Nees, 1934) |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Cirrospilus
vittatus Walker, 1838 |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Closterocerus
trifasciatus Westwood, 1833 |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Diglyphus
chabrias (Walker, 1838) |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Diglyphus
crassinervis Erdös, 1958 |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Diglyphus
isaea (Walker, 1838) |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Diglyphus
minoeus (Walker, 1838) |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Hemiptarsenus
ornatus (Nees, 1834) |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Neochrysocharis
formosa (Westwood, 1833) |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Pediobius
metallicus (Nees, 1834) |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Pnigalio
soemius (Walker, 1839) |
Hymenoptera:
Eulophidae |
| Cyrtogaster
vulgaris Walker, 1833 |
Hymenoptera:
Pteromalidae |
| Halticoptera
circulus (Walker, 1833) |
Hymenoptera:
Pteromalidae |
| Miscogaster
maculata Walker, 1833 |
Hymenoptera:
Pteromalidae |
| Miscogaster
rufipes Walker, 1833 |
Hymenoptera:
Pteromalidae |
| Xestomnaster
chrysochlorus (Walker, 1846) |
Hymenoptera:
Pteromalidae |
|
