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Chromatomyia nigra (Meigen, 1830) [Diptera: Agromyzidae] Cereal Leaf-miner Phytomyza nigra Meigen, 1830. Syst. Beschr. 6: 191. Phytomyza nigra Meigen, 1830; Hendel, 1935. Fliegen palaearkt. Reg. 6(2): 436. Chromatomyia cinereofrons Hardy, 1849a. Annls Mag. nat. Hist. (2)4(24): 390. [Synonymised by Griffiths, 1980]. Phytomyza nigra Meigen, 1830; Spencer, 1972b. Handbk ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 82, 94. Phytomyza nigra Meigen, 1830 Spencer, 1976. Fauna ent. Scand. 5(1): 452-3, figs 792-3. Chromatomyia nigra (Meigen, 1830); Spencer, 1990. Host specialization in the World Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 354, 355, 356, 357, 377, 378 (fig. 1438), 379. Chromatomyia nigra (Meigen, 1830); Bland, 2000. Dipterists Digest 7: 11.

Leaf-mine: Long, narrow, whitish mine. Pupation internal (Spencer, 1976: 453); anterior spiracles projecting through the epidermis. The mine is illustrated in Nederlandse bladmineerders. Mine of Chromatomyia nigra on Arrhenatherum elatius. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Larva: The anterior spiracles are on relatively long stalks, each with up to 118 bulbs; posterior spiracles on short stalks, each with 10-13 bulbs (Spencer, 1976: 453). The larva is described by Sasakawa (1961), Ellis (Nederlandse bladmineerders) and Dempewolf (2001: 203). Puparium: The puparium is illustrated by Ellis (Nederlandse bladmineerders). Yellowish-brown (Spencer, 1976: 453). Comments: Griffiths (1980) treats nigra as a single species with five forms. Spencer (1990) treats nigra as a superspecies. However, he states that forms cannot be associated with particular hosts. Hosts in Britain: Poaceae       Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass Bland, 2002: 101 Arrhenatherum     Robbins, 1991: 140 Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Mines in BMNH; Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Spencer, 1972b: 122 Brachypodium sylvaticum False Brome Spencer, 1972b: 122 Calamagrostis canescens Purple Small-reed Spencer, 1972b: 123 Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Spencer, 1972b: 123 Deschampsia     Robbins, 1991: 141 Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-grass Robbins, 1989: 25 Deschampsia flexuosa Wavy Hair-grass Mines in BMNH Elymus     Robbins, 1991: 141 Elymus repens Common Couch Robbins, 1989: 25 Festuca rubra   Spencer, 1972b: 123 Helictotrichon     Robbins, 1991: 141 Holcus     Robbins, 1991: 141 Holcus     Spencer, 1972b: 82 Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Mines in BMNH Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Spencer, 1972b: 123 Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Bland, 2002: 101 Holcus mollis Creeping Soft-grass Mines in BMNH Holcus mollis Creeping Soft-grass Robbins, 1989: 25 Holcus mollis Creeping Soft-grass Bland, 2002: 102 Milium effusum Wood Millet Spencer, 1972b: 124 Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass Spencer, 1972b: 124 Phleum pratense Timothy Mines in BMNH Poa     Robbins, 1991: 141 Poa     Spencer, 1972b: 82 Poa pratensis Smooth Meadow-grass Robbins, 1989: 25 Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Spencer, 1972b: 124 Secale cereale Rye Spencer, 1972b: 124 Triticum aestivum Bread Wheat Spencer, 1972b: 125 Hosts elsewhere: Poaceae       Aegilops     Spencer, 1990: 356 Agropyron     Spencer, 1990: 356 Agrostis     Spencer, 1990: 354 Agrostis capillaris (as tenuis) Common Bent Nederlandse bladmineerders Aira     Spencer, 1990: 354 Alopecurus     Spencer, 1990: 354 Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail Nederlandse bladmineerders Ammophila     Spencer, 1990: 354 Anthoxanthum     Spencer, 1990: 354 Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass Nederlandse bladmineerders Apera     Spencer, 1990: 354 Arrhenatherum     Spencer, 1976: 453 Arrhenatherum     Spencer, 1990: 354 Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat-grass Nederlandse bladmineerders Avena     Spencer, 1990: 354 Avena sativa Oat Nederlandse bladmineerders Avenula     Nederlandse bladmineerders Brachypodium     Spencer, 1976: 453 Brachypodium     Spencer, 1990: 355 Brachypodium sylvaticum False Brome Nederlandse bladmineerders Briza     Spencer, 1990: 355 Bromus     Nederlandse bladmineerders Bromus     Spencer, 1990: 355 Calamagrostis     Spencer, 1976: 453 Calamagrostis     Spencer, 1990: 354 Calamagrostis canescens Purple Small-reed Nederlandse bladmineerders Catapodium     Spencer, 1990: 355 Chaetopogon     Spencer, 1990: 354 Cynosurus     Spencer, 1990: 355 Cyonsurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail Nederlandse bladmineerders Dactylis     Spencer, 1976: 453 Dactylis     Spencer, 1990: 355 Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Nederlandse bladmineerders Deschampsia     Nederlandse bladmineerders Deschampsia     Spencer, 1990: 354 Desmazeria     Spencer, 1990: 355 Eleusine     Spencer, 1990: 356 Elymus     Nederlandse bladmineerders Festuca     Spencer, 1976: 453 Festuca     Spencer, 1990: 355 Festuca rubra   Nederlandse bladmineerders Gaudinia     Spencer, 1990: 354 Glyceria     Nederlandse bladmineerders Helictotrichon     Spencer, 1990: 354 Hierochloe     Spencer, 1990: 354 Holcus     Spencer, 1976: 453 Holcus     Nederlandse bladmineerders Holcus lanatus Yorkshire-fog Nederlandse bladmineerders Holcus mollis Creeping Soft-grass Dempewolf, 2001: 203 Holcus mollis Creeping Soft-grass Nederlandse bladmineerders Hordeum     Spencer, 1990: 356 Hordeum vulgare Six-rowed Barley Nederlandse bladmineerders Lagurus     Spencer, 1990: 354 Lamarkia     Spencer, 1990: 355 Lepturus     Spencer, 1990: 357 Lolium     Spencer, 1990: 355 Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass Nederlandse bladmineerders Melica     Spencer, 1990: 355 Milium     Spencer, 1976: 453 Milium     Spencer, 1990: 356 Milium effusum Wood Millet Nederlandse bladmineerders Molinia     Spencer, 1990: 356 Molinia caerulea Purple Moor-grass Nederlandse bladmineerders Nardus     Spencer, 1990: 355 Phalaris     Spencer, 1976: 453 Phalaris     Spencer, 1990: 355 Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass Nederlandse bladmineerders Phleum     Nederlandse bladmineerders Phleum     Spencer, 1990: 355 Pholiurus     Spencer, 1990: 355 Poa     Spencer, 1976: 453 Poa     Spencer, 1990: 355 Poa annua Annual Meadow-grass Nederlandse bladmineerders Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Nederlandse bladmineerders Polypogon     Spencer, 1990: 355 Secale     Spencer, 1976: 453 Secale     Spencer, 1990: 356 Secale cereale Rye Nederlandse bladmineerders Setaria     Spencer, 1990: 357 Trisetum     Spencer, 1990: 355 Triticum     Spencer, 1976: 453 Triticum     Spencer, 1990: 356 Triticum aestivum Bread Wheat Nederlandse bladmineerders Vulpia     Spencer, 1990: 356 Zea     Spencer, 1990: 357 Time of year - mines: June-August. Time of year - adults: Unknown. Distribution in Britain: Widespread and common throughout British Isles including Scotland (Spencer, 1972b), Warwick (Coventry) (Robbins, 1991), Channel Is. (Martinez in Fauna Europaea) and East Kent, Herts, Isle of Wight, Middlesex, North Lincoln, North-east York, South-west York, Stafford, Surrey and West Kent (NBN Gateway distribution map - NE). Also recorded in Ireland (Spencer, 1972b). Distribution elsewhere: Holarctic. Common in much of Europe, including Denmark, Finland, Sweden (Spencer, 1976: 453), Madeira, the Baltic, Kamchatka (Siberia) (Spencer, 1990), The Netherlands, Luxembourg (Nederlandse bladmineerders), Belgium (de Bruyn & von Tschirnhaus, 1991), Germany (Spencer, 1976: 453; Dempewolf, 2001: 203), Belarus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Faroe Is., French mainland, Hungary, Iceland, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Madeira, Poland, Slovakia, Swden, Switzerland and Yugoslavia (Martinez in Fauna Europaea). Also recorded in Canada, western U.S.A. and Japan (Spencer, 1976: 453). Parasitoids: Cyrtogaster vulgaris Walker Hymenoptera: Eulophidae Chrysocharis pubicornis (Zetterstedt, 1838) Hymenoptera: Eulophidae Hemiptarsenus unguicellus (Zetterstedt) Hymenoptera: Eulophidae Seladerma tarsale (Walker) Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae

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Last updated 16-Aug-2008  Brian Pitkin