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Chromatomyia syngenesiae Hardy, 1849 [Diptera: Agromyzidae] Chrysanthemum Leaf-miner Chromatomyia syngenesiae Hardy, 1849a. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (2) 4(24): 391. Phytomyza chrysanthemi Kowarz, 1891, in Lindner. JOURNAL: 242 Phytomyza syngenesiae (Hardy, 1849a); Griffiths, 1967b. Stuttgarter Beitr. Ent. 177: 177. Phytomyza syngenesiae (Hardy, 1849a); Spencer, 1972b. Handbk ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 87. Phytomyza syngenesiae (Hardy, 1849a); Spencer, 1976. Fauna ent. Scand. 5(1): 510-11, figs 894-5. Chromatomyia syngenesiae Hardy, 1849a; Spencer, 1990. Host specialization in the World Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 265, 266 (fig. 1004), & more. Chromatomyia syngenesiae Hardy, 1849a; Bland, 2000. Dipterists Digest 7: 11.

Leaf-mine: Mine linear, whitish, both upper and lower surface. Pupation internal, at the end of the mine, with the anterior spiracles projecting through the epidermis (Spencer, 1976: 510). The mine is illustrated in British leafminers and Nederlandse bladmineerders. Larva: Details unknown. Ellis (Nederlandse bladmineerders) illustrates the larva of cf. syngenesiae. Puparium: White or more rarely darker, brownish (Spencer, 1976: 510). Ellis (Nederlandse bladmineerders) illustrates the puparium of cf.syngenesiae. Comments: Two highly polyphagous species of Chromatomyia, with indistinguishable mines, have been recorded in Britain. These are syngenesiae (Hardy) and horticola (Goureau). Griffiths (1967b) after critical examination of male genitalia, confirmed that the hosts of syngenesiae are almost exclusively genera of Asteraceae, with just two exceptions, one on Daucus [Apiaceae] in Denmark and the other on Pisum [Fabaceae] in California, U.S.A. C. horticola mines numerous plant families including Asteraceae. The two species can only be distinguished by the structure of the male genitalia. British records of syngenesiae, horticola or 'atricornis' on hosts other than Asteraceae in Britain, are assumed to represent horticola. British records of horticola and syngenesiae on Asteraceae hosts not based on examination of the genitalia of reared males are treated here as Chromatomyia 'atricornis' and may represent either horticola or syngenesiae. Hosts cited here include 27 plant genera in the family Asteraceae. As the mines of horticola and syngenesiae are indistinguishable, the chalcidoid parasitoids recorded from these two species are listed under 'atricornis'. Hosts in Britain: Asteraceae     Arctium pubens Bland, 1992 Arnoseris minima Spencer, 1972b: 111 Chrysanthemum argyrophyllum Griffiths, 1967b Chrysanthemum argyrophyllum Spencer, 1972b: 112 Inula crithmoides Griffiths, 1967b Inula crithmoides Spencer, 1972b: 113 Leucanthemum vulgare Griffiths, 1967b Leucanthemum vulgare Spencer, 1972b: 112 Leontodon autumnalis Bland, 1992 Senecio arvensis Griffiths, 1967b Senecio asper Griffiths, 1967b Senecio jacobaea Griffiths, 1967b Senecio jacobaea Spencer, 1972b: 114 Serratula tinctoria Griffiths, 1967b Serratula tinctoria Spencer, 1972b: 114 Sonchus oleraceus Spencer, 1972b: 114 Tanacetum vulgare Griffiths, 1967b Tanacetum vulgare Spencer, 1972b: 115 Taraxacum   Spencer, 1972b: 87 Taraxacum   Bland in Whiteley, 1994 Hosts elsewhere: Asteraceae     Achillea   Spencer, 1990: 301 Arctium   Spencer, 1990: 251 Arnoseris   Spencer, 1990: 259 Aster   Spencer, 1990: 274 Bellis   Spencer, 1990: 274 Chrysanthemum   Spencer, 1990: 301 Cineraria   Spencer, 1990: 293 Conyza   Spencer, 1990: 274 Coreopsis   Spencer, 1990: 320 Crepis   Spencer, 1990: 259 Cryptostemma   Spencer, 1990: 249 Dahlia   Spencer, 1990: 309 Gaillardia   Spencer, 1990: 309 Helichrysum   Spencer, 1990: 354 Inula   Spencer, 1990: 273 Lactuca   Spencer, 1990: 259 Leucanthemum   Spencer, 1990: 301 Matricaria   Spencer, 1990: 301 Othonna   Spencer, 1990: 293 Picris   Spencer, 1990: 259 Senecio   Spencer, 1990: 293 Sonchus   Spencer, 1990: 259 Taraxacum   Spencer, 1990: 259 Xeranthemum   Spencer, 1990: 251 Time of year - mines: July-August. Time of year - adults: August. Distribution in Britain: Common throughout Britain (Spencer, 1972b: 87) including the Inner Hebrides (Isle of Coll) (Bland, 1992), Rum (Bland, in Whiteley, 1994), East Kent, Edinburgh, East Lothian and Linlithgow (NBN Gateway distribution map, as Phytomyza syngenesiae - BRERC, LWIC and NE). Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Martinez in Fauna Europaea). Distribution elsewhere: Cosmopolitan. Widespread and common throughout Europe including Denmark, Finland, Sweden (Spencer, 1976: 510), Balearic Is., Canary Is., Czech Republic, ? Faroe Is., French mainland, Germany, Italian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Sardinia, Sicily, Spanish mainland, Switzerland, The Netherlands and Yugoslavia (Martinez in Fauna Europaea). Also introduced to U.S.A., Australia and New Zealand (Spencer, 1976: 510). Parasitoids: See Chromatomyia 'atricornis'.

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Last updated 02-Jul-2008  Brian Pitkin