Leaf-mine: A linear mine commencing with a conspicuous regular spiral and then continuing a considerable distance more or less straight (Spencer, 1976: 245).

Upper-surface corridor. The first part is wound in a dense spiral that quickly turns brown. The spiral continues in a long, generally unbranched corridor that maintains almost the same width. Frass in long thick strings. When the mine is positioned near the leaf margin the spiral part may be missing; the thick frass strings then are sufficiently characteristic. Pupation outside the mine; exit slit in lower epidermis (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Long upper surface gallery starting with a spiral of 6 to 8 turns (as shown). Frass in conspicuous narrow linear lines (British leafminers).

The mine is also illustrated the Encyclopedia of Life.

Larva: The larva is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa. Posterior spiracles each with 3 bulbs.

Puparium: The puparium is illustrated in the Encyclopedia of Life.

Adult: The adult is illustrated in the Encyclopedia of Life.

Hosts in Britain:

Hosts elsewhere:

Time of year - mines: July.

Time of year - adults: Unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread in England including Surrey (Holmbury St Mary), Dorset (Lyme Regis), Cambridge (Chippenham Fen) (Spencer, 1972: 54), Hampshire (Fleet) (British leafminers), Warwickshire (Kingsbury and Keresley) (Robbins, 1991: 112 and 113) and Northampton (British leafminers); Anglesey, Cambridgeshire, Mid-west Yorkshire, Middlesex, North Somerset and West Gloucestershire (NBN Gateway - N.B. includes Watsonian Vice Counties having publicly available records that fall within or overlap the vice county border at 10km resolution or better i.e. a record for a vice county may relate to an adjacent vice county - for included datasets see NBN Grid map below).

Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Martinez in Fauna Europaea).

NBN Grid map: Note that not all datasets on the NBN Gateway may be available on the map below. If you are an NBN Gateway registered user you can request access for missing datasets via the link 'Open interactive map in new window' below.

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden (Spencer, 1976: 245), The Netherlands (Bladmineerders van Europa), Germany (Spencer, 1976: 558), Belgium, Corsica, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Italian mainland, Lithuania, Poland, Spanish mainland and Switzerland (Martinez in Fauna Europaea).

Also recorded in Canada (Spencer, 1969a: 174; Spencer, 1976: 245).

NBN interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain and Ireland and elsewhere:

Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: