Leaf-mine: A large, brownish blotch, with conspicuous feeding lines. Pupation external (Spencer, 1972: 62 (fig. 205), 63; Spencer, 1976: 308, 309 (fig. 557)).

Large, brown, upper-surface blotch with conspicuous primary and secondary feeding lines. The feeding lines are the more apparent because the semiliquid frass adheres to them. Pupation outside the mine; exit slit in the upper epidermis (Bladmineerders van Europa).

A short broad gallery, normally at the margin, leading to a blotch with obvious feeding lines in whorls. Mines go brown (British leafminers).

Larva: The larva is described by de Meijere (1925), Sasakawa (1961) and Dempewolf (2001: 93). The larva is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.

Puparium: Reddish-brown; posterior spiracles on conspicuous projections, each with 3 small bulbs (Spencer, 1976: 308).

Hosts in Britain:

Hosts elsewhere:

Time of year - mines: June-October.

Time of year - adults: Unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread in south, but local. Kent (Darenth), London (Hampstead), Hertfordshire (Barnet) (Spencer, 1972: 67); North Somerset and West Gloucestershire (NBN Gateway - N.B. includes Watsonian Vice Counties having publicly available records that fall within or overlap the vice county border at 10km resolution or better i.e. a record for a vice county may relate to an adjacent vice county - for included datasets see NBN Grid map below).

Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland: Co. Clare (Glengariff) and Kerry (Killarney) (Spencer, 1972: 67).

NBN Grid map: Note that not all datasets on the NBN Gateway may be available on the map below. If you are an NBN Gateway registered user you can request access for missing datasets via the link 'Open interactive map in new window' below.

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe, including Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden (Spencer, 1976: 308), The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg (Bladmineerders van Europa), Germany (Spencer, 1976: 562; Dempewolf 2001: 93), Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Estonia, French mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Lithuania, Poland and Spanish mainland (Martinez in Fauna Europaea).

Also recorded in Japan, Canada, the U.S.A. and Costa Rica (Spencer, 1976: 308).

NBN interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain and Ireland and elsewhere:

Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: