Leaf-mine: Larvae feeding communally, as many as six together, forming large blackish blotch (Spencer, 1972: 77).

Large, greyish-brown, upper-surface blotch, mostly near the tip of a leaflet, without a preceding corridor. Primary feeding lines conspicuous. Several larvae share a mine. Pupation outside the mine. Exit slit in upper epidermis (Pakalniskis, 2004a) - see also Bladmineerders van Europa.

Larva: Details unknown.

Puparium: Dark brown, somewhat elongate (Spencer, 1972: 77).

Hosts in Britain:

Hosts elsewhere:

Time of year - mines: June-July.

Time of year - adults: Unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread in gardens. London (Buckingham Palace Gardens), Surrey (Kew Gardens, Wisley RHS Gardens), Hampshire (Ringwood), Suffolk (Newmarket) (Spencer, 1972: 77) and Warwickshire (Coventry) (Robbins, 1991: 26); Easterness, Elgin and Surrey (NBN Gateway - N.B. includes Watsonian Vice Counties having publicly available records that fall within or overlap the vice county border at 10km resolution or better i.e. a record for a vice county may relate to an adjacent vice county - for included datasets see NBN Grid map below).

NBN Grid map: Note that not all datasets on the NBN Gateway may be available on the map below. If you are an NBN Gateway registered user you can request access for missing datasets via the link 'Open interactive map in new window' below.

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe, including Denmark, Sweden (Spencer, 1976: 366), The Netherlands (Bladmineerders van Europa), Germany (Spencer, 1976: 566), Czech Republic, French mainland and Poland (Martinez in Fauna Europaea).

Also recorded in the eastern U.S.A. and Canada (Quebec) (Spencer, 1976: 366).

NBN interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain and Ireland and elsewhere:

Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: