Leaf-mine: Larva feeds along the mid-rib, predominantly on the lower surface and there is little evidence of gall-like swelling. Pupation takes place at the base of the midrib (Spencer, 1976: 496).

In Burdock the species bores in the petioles, and in Chicory it is a root borer, but in thistles it mainly lives in the base of the midrib, making from there brief excursions into the blade. The midrib somwhat swells, gall-like and obtains a somewhat darker shade. Pupation takes place within the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Larva: The larva is described by Dempewolf (2001: 183).

Puparium: Whitish; posterior spiracles on an angular projection, each with some 18 bulbs (Spencer, 1976: 496).

Hosts in Britain:

Hosts elsewhere:

Time of year - mines: March (Hering, 1957).

Time of year - adults: May-July, September-November.

Distribution in Great Britain: Britain including Berkshire, Brecon, Cambridgeshire, East Norfolk, East Suffolk, East Sussex, Herefordshire, Monmouthshire, Oxfordshire, Shropshire, Stafford and Worcestershire (NBN Gateway - N.B. includes Watsonian Vice Counties having publicly available records that fall within or overlap the vice county border at 10km resolution or better i.e. a record for a vice county may relate to an adjacent vice county - for included datasets see NBN Grid map below).

NBN Grid map: Note that not all datasets on the NBN Gateway may be available on the map below. If you are an NBN Gateway registered user you can request access for missing datasets via the link 'Open interactive map in new window' below.

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Sweden (Spencer, 1976: 405), Belgium, Czech Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Spanish mainland and Switzerland (Martinez in Fauna Europaea).

NBN interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain and Ireland and elsewhere:

Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Unknown.

Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea [127565]
NBN Gateway