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Scaptomyza (Scaptomyza) flava (Fallén, 1823) [Diptera: Drosophilidae]. Drosophila flava Fallén, 1823c. Geomyzides Sveciae : 7. Notiphila flaveola Meigen, 1830. Syst. Beschr. 6: 66. [Synonymised by Bachli & Rocha Pite, 1984]. Scaptomyza apicalis Hardy, 1849b. Proc. Berwicksh. Nat. Club 2: 362. [Synonymised by Bachli & Rocha Pite, 1984]. Scaptomyza montana Wheeler, 1949. Univ. Tex. Publs 4921: 166. [Synonymised by Hackman, 1959].

Leaf-mine: Corridor-blotch mine, normally dorsal; usually whitish; in small leaves it lies characteristically in the centre of the leaf often touching the petiole; in larger leaves it lies to one side of the mid-rib. Frass deposited in green clumps near the leaf margin. Pupation usually external, sometimes in a separate pupation mine. Oviposition whitin the leaf, at the lower surface. The first part of the mine is a long, sometimes very long, corridor, that mostly will be overrun by the later developments. Generally this corridor is directed, frequently guided by a thick vein, to the midrib. The next section of the mine is large, irregular blotch overlying the basal section of the midrib. Locally large chunks of midrib tissue are consumed. From this central blotch excursions are made into the leaf blade: generally upper-surface, less often lower-surface and locally full-depth. In plants with narrow leaves, like Diplotaxis, the mine may occupy the entire width of the leaf. Often several larvae together in a mine. Frass blackish green, powdery, in clouds, sometimes along the sides of the corridors, later more in the periphery of the mine and in the end of extensions of the blotch, sometimes seemingly absent. (Often the frass can only be seen after the mine has been opened). Pupation generally in the ground, rarely within he leaf, in a short mine without frass. Hendel (1928a) described the biology, larva and pupa (Bladmineerders van Europa). The mine is also described and illustrated in British leafminers. Mine of Scaptomyza flava on Brassica rapa Image: Willem Ellis (Bladmineerders van Europa) Larva: The larva is described by in Bladmineerders van Europa. Puparium: The puparium is illustrated by Ellis (Bladmineerders van Europa). Comments: Chandler (1978) did not indicate whether his host records were British or Foreign and are therefore tentatively included under 'Hosts in Britain' and 'Hosts elsewhere' Arabis glabra is treated as Turritis glabra (Tower Mustard) and Coronopus didymus is treated as Lepidium didymum (Lesser Swine-cress) by Stace (2010). Hosts in Britain: Asteraceae       ? Hypochaeris     Chandler, 1978: 225 Brassicaceae       Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard Mines in BMNH Barbarea vulgaris Winter-cress Reared adults in OUM Brassica     British leafminers Brassica     Robbins, 1991: 31 Brassica     Reared adults in BMNH Brassica campestris Wild Turnip Reared adults in BMNH Brassica campestris Wild Turnip Reared adults in OUM Brassica oleracea Wild Cabbage Mines in BMNH Cheiranthus     British leafminers Cochlearia officinalis Common Scurvygrass Bland, 1992 Cochlearia officinalis Common Scurvygrass Reared adults in BMNH Coincya wrightii Lundy Cabbage Compton & Key, 2000 Conringia     Pitkin & Plant Diplotaxis tenuifolia Perennial Wall-rocket Mines in BMNH Erysimum     Robbins, 1991 ? Hesperis matronalis Dame's-violet Reared adults in OUM Lepidium     Pitkin & Plant Lepidium latifolium Dittander Mines in BMNH Matthiola incana Hoary Stock Reared adults in BMNH Raphanus sativus Garden Radish Reared adults in OUM ? Rorippa nastutium-aquatica Water-cress Chandler, 1978: 225, as Tropaeolum Sinapis     British leafminers Sinapis     Robbins, 1991: 31 Sinapis arvensis Charlock Mines in BMNH Papaveraceae       ? Chelidonium     Chandler, 1978: 225 ? Papaver     Chandler, 1978: 225 Resedaceae       ? Reseda     Chandler, 1978: 225 Tropaeolaceae       Tropaeolum     Mines in BMNH Tropaeolum     Robbins, 1991: 31 Tropaeolum     Bland, 1992 Tropaeolum majus Nasturtium Pitkin & Plant Violaceae       Viola     Robbins, 1991: 31 Hosts elsewhere: Asteraceae       ? Hypochaeris     Chandler, 1978: 225 Hypochaeris     Hering, 1957 Brassicaceae       Aethionema     Hering, 1957 Aethionema     Bladmineerders van Europa Alliaria     Hering, 1957 Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard Bladmineerders van Europa Alyssum     Hering, 1957 Alyssum     Bladmineerders van Europa Anastatica     Hering, 1957 Arabidopsis     Hering, 1957 Arabidopsis thalaiana Thale Cress Bladmineerders van Europa Arabis alpina Alpine Rock-cress Bladmineerders van Europa Arabis arenosa Sand Rock-cress Bladmineerders van Europa, as Cardaminopsis arenosa Arabis glabra Tower Mustard Bladmineerders van Europa Arabis hirsuta Hairy Rock-cress Bladmineerders van Europa Arabis     Hering, 1957 Armoracia rusticana Horse-Radish Bladmineerders van Europa Aubrieta     Hering, 1957 Aubrieta deltoidea Aubretia Bladmineerders van Europa Barbarea     Hering, 1957 Barbarea stricta Small-flowered Winter-cress Bladmineerders van Europa Barbarea vulgaris Winter-cress Bladmineerders van Europa Berteroa     Hering, 1957 Berteroa incana Hoary Alison Bladmineerders van Europa Biscutella     Hering, 1957 Brassica     Hering, 1957 Brassica campestris Wild Turnip Bladmineerders van Europa Brassica napus Rape Bladmineerders van Europa Brassica nigra Black Mustard Bladmineerders van Europa Brassica oleracea Wild Cabbage Bladmineerders van Europa Brassica rapa Turnip Bladmineerders van Europa Braya     Bladmineerders van Europa Bunias     Hering, 1957 Bunias erucago Southern Warty-cabbage Bladmineerders van Europa Bunias orientalis Warty-cabbage Bladmineerders van Europa Cakile maritima Sea Rocket Bladmineerders van Europa Calepina     Hering, 1957 Calepina     Bladmineerders van Europa Camelina     Hering, 1957 Camelina     Bladmineerders van Europa Capsella     Hering, 1957 Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's-purse Bladmineerders van Europa Capsella heegeri   Bladmineerders van Europa Capsella rubella Pink Shepherd's-purse Bladmineerders van Europa Cardamine     Hering, 1957 Cardamine amara Large Bitter-cress Bladmineerders van Europa Cardamine bulbifera Coralroot Bladmineerders van Europa Cardamine enneaphyllos   Bladmineerders van Europa Cardamine glanduligera   Bladmineerders van Europa Cardamine hirsuta Hairy Bitter-cress Bladmineerders van Europa Cardamine impatiens Narrow-leaved Bitter-cress Bladmineerders van Europa Cardaminopsis     Hering, 1957 Cheiranthus     Bladmineerders van Europa Cheiranthus     Hering, 1957 Cleome dodecandra   Bladmineerders van Europa Cleome spinosa   Bladmineerders van Europa Cochlearia     Hering, 1957 Cochlearia auriculata   Bladmineerders van Europa Cochlearia officinalis Common Scurvygrass Bladmineerders van Europa Conringia     Hering, 1957 Conringia orientalis Hare's-ear Mustard Bladmineerders van Europa Coronopus     Hering, 1957 Coronopus didymus Lesser Swine-cress Bladmineerders van Europa Crambe     Hering, 1957 Crambe cordifolia Greater Sea-kale Bladmineerders van Europa Crambe koktebelica   Bladmineerders van Europa Crambe maritima Sea-kale Bladmineerders van Europa Crambe tatarica   Bladmineerders van Europa Diplotaxis     Hering, 1957 Diplotaxis muralis Annual Wall-rocket Bladmineerders van Europa Diplotaxis tenuifolia Perennial Wall-rocket Bladmineerders van Europa Draba     Hering, 1957 Draba     Bladmineerders van Europa Eruca     Hering, 1957 Erysimum cheiranthoides Treacle-mustard Bladmineerders van Europa Erysimum helveticum   Bladmineerders van Europa Erysimum sylvestre   Bladmineerders van Europa Hesperis matronalis Dame's-violet Bladmineerders van Europa Hirschfeldia     Hering, 1957 Hirschfeldia incana Hoary Mustard Bladmineerders van Europa Iberis     Hering, 1957 Iberis amara Wild Candytuft Bladmineerders van Europa Iberis crenata   Bladmineerders van Europa Iberis imperialis   Bladmineerders van Europa Iberis odorata   Bladmineerders van Europa Iberis pinnata   Bladmineerders van Europa Iberis sempervirens Perennial Candytuft Bladmineerders van Europa Isatis tinctoria Woad Bladmineerders van Europa Isatis     Hering, 1957 Lepidium cartilagineum   Bladmineerders van Europa Lepidium draba Hoary Cress Bladmineerders van Europa, as Cardaria draba Lobularia     Hering, 1957 Lobularia maritima Sweet Alison Bladmineerders van Europa Lunaria     Hering, 1957 Lunaria annua Honesty Bladmineerders van Europa Malcolmia     Hering, 1957 Malcolmia africana   Bladmineerders van Europa Matthiola     Hering, 1957 Moricandia     Hering, 1957 Moricandia arvensis Violet Cabbage Bladmineerders van Europa Myagrum     Hering, 1957 Myagrum perfoliatum Mitre Cress Bladmineerders van Europa Neslia     Hering, 1957 Peltaria     Hering, 1957 Raphanus     Hering, 1957 Raphanus raphanistrum Radish Bladmineerders van Europa Raphanus sativus Garden Radish Bladmineerders van Europa Rhynchosinapis     Hering, 1957 Rorippa     Hering, 1957 Rorippa amphibia Great Yellow-cress Bladmineerders van Europa ? Rorippa nastutium-aquatica Water-cress Chandler, 1978: 225, as Tropaeolum Rorippa palustris Marsh Yellow-cress Bladmineerders van Europa Sinapis     Hering, 1957 Sinapis alba White Mustard Bladmineerders van Europa Sinapis arvensis Charlock Bladmineerders van Europa Sisymbrium     Hering, 1957 Sisymbrium altissimum Tall Rocket Bladmineerders van Europa Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard Bladmineerders van Europa Sisymbrium orientale Eastern Rocket Bladmineerders van Europa Sisymbrium supinum   Bladmineerders van Europa Teesdalia     Hering, 1957 Teesdalia nudicaulis Shepherd's Cress Bladmineerders van Europa Thlaspi     Hering, 1957 Thlaspi arvense Field Penny-cress Bladmineerders van Europa Thlaspi brevistylum   Bladmineerders van Europa Thlaspi perfoliatum Perfoliate Penny-cress Bladmineerders van Europa Zilla     Hering, 1957 Zilla spinosa   Bladmineerders van Europa Fabaceae       Anthyllis vulneraria Kidney Vetch Bladmineerders van Europa Medicago     Bladmineerders van Europa Medicago     Hering, 1957 Pisum     Hering, 1957 Pisum sativum Garden Pea Bladmineerders van Europa Trifolium     Hering, 1957 Papaveraceae       Chelidonium     Hering, 1957 ? Chelidonium     Chandler, 1978: 225 Meconopsis     Hering, 1957 ? Papaver     Chandler, 1978: 225 Resedaceae       Reseda     Hering, 1957 Reseda alba White Mignonette Bladmineerders van Europa Reseda crystallina   Bladmineerders van Europa Reseda lutea Wild Mignonette Bladmineerders van Europa Reseda muricata   Bladmineerders van Europa Reseda odorata Garden Mignonette Bladmineerders van Europa Tropaeolaceae       Tropaeolum     Hering, 1957 Tropaeolum majus Nasturtium Bladmineerders van Europa Tropaeolum peregrinum Canary-creeper Bladmineerders van Europa Time of year - mines: July-August, October. Time of year - adults: Adults appear to be most abundant in September. Distribution in Great Britain & Ireland: From Caithness in the north to Cornwall in the south. Warwick (Coventry) (Warwicks) (Robbins, 1991: 31), Inner Hebrides (Isle of Coll) (Bland, 1992), Cambridge, Cumberland, Dorset, Durham, East Kent, North Lincoln, South Northumberland, South Hants, South Somerset and South-west York (NBN Gateway distribution map - BRERC and NE). Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Bächli, 2004 in Fauna Europaea). NBN Grid map: Distribution elsewhere: Holarctic. Europe including The Netherlands (Bladmineerders van Europa), Belgium (Gosseries, 1991a), Austria, Azores, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Corsica, Create, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Kaliningrad Region, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Madeira, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia - North and Northwest, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine (Bächli, 2004 in Fauna Europaea). Also recorded in the East Palaearctic, Near East and Neartic Region (Bächli, 2004 in Fauna Europaea). NBN interactive distribution maps of known host species in Britain and elsewhere: Alliaria petiolata, Anthyllis vulneraria, Arabidopsis arenosa (= Arabis arenosa), Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabis alpina, Arabis glabra (= Turritis glabra), Arabis hirsuta, Armoracia rusticana, Aubrieta deltoidea, Barbarea stricta, Barbarea vulgaris, Berteroa incana, Brassica campestris, Brassica napus, Brassica nigra, Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa, Bunias erucago, Bunias orientalis, Cakile maritima, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Capsella rubella, Cardamine amara, Cardamine bulbifera, Cardamine hirsuta, Cardamine impatiens, Cakile maritima, Cochlearia officinalis, Coincya wrightii, Coronopus didymus (= Lepidium didymum), Crambe cordifolia, Crambe maritima, Diplotaxis muralis, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, Erysimum cheiranthoides, ? Hesperis matronalis, Hirschfeldia incana, Iberis amara, Iberis crenata, Iberis sempervirens, Isatis tinctoria, Lepidium draba, Lepidium latifolium, Lobularia maritima, Lunaria annua, Malcolmia africana, Matthiola incana, Moricandia arvensis, Myagrum perfoliatum, Pisum sativum, Raphanus raphanistrum, Raphanus sativus, Reseda alba, Reseda lutea, Reseda odorata, Rorippa amphibia, Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum, Rorippa palustris, Sinapis alba, Sinapis arvensis, Sisymbrium altissimum, Sisymbrium officinale, Sisymbrium orientale, Teesdalia nudicaulis, Thlaspi arvense, Thlaspi perfoliatum, Tropaeolum majus, Tropaeolum peregrinum Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: . Chrysocharis pallipes (Nees, 1834) Hymenoptera: Eulophidae Chrysocharis viridis (Nees, 1934) Hymenoptera: Eulophidae Cyrtogaster vulgaris Walker, 1833 Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae Halticoptera patellana (Dalman, 1818) Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae Halticoptera smaragdina (Curtis, 1832) Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae Spalangiopelta alata Boucek, 1953 Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae

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Last updated 12-Jul-2010  Brian Pitkin