|
Leaf-mine: Blotch
mine. Pupation external.
The
mine begins as an elongated blotch overlying a strong vein; from
there broad tunnels radiate that coalesce in the end. All frass
is concentrated at a central point in the floor of the mine. As
a result the mine has a brownish-black centre and a paler brownish
green seam. The larva often (perhaps always at daylight) rests in
the centre of the mine. Primary and secondary feeding lines as a
rule quite clear. Pupation outside the mine (Bladmineerders
van Europa).
An elongated blotch centred over a vein. There are two types: greenish with a blackish centre and entirely reddish-black (British
leafminers).
Larva:
The larva is illustrated in Bladmineerders
van Europa and British
leafminers.
Puparium:
Yellow; anterior spiracle openings arranged in large arcs, not elevated
on a fan-shaped structure; posterior spiracles each with a central
opening larger and more raised than the lateral openings (White,
1988: 63). The puparium is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Comments:
Uffen in Chandler (1978)
did not indicate whether his host records were British of Foreign
and therefore the associations are included under 'Host in Britain'
and 'Hosts elsewhere'.
Hosts
in Britain:
| Asteraceae |
|
|
|
| Achillea
|
ptarmica
|
Sneezewort |
White,
1988: 63 |
| Artemisia
|
|
|
White,
1988: 63 |
|
?
Artemisia
|
|
|
Uffen
in Chandler, 1978: 222 |
| Artemisia
|
absinthium
|
Wormwood |
British
leafminers |
| Artemisia
|
absinthium
|
Wormwood |
Robbins,
1991: 119 |
| Artemisia
|
verlotiorum
|
Chinese
Mugwort |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Artemisia
|
vulgaris
|
Mugwort |
British
leafminers |
| Artemisia
|
vulgaris
|
Mugwort |
Mines
in BMNH |
| Artemisia
|
vulgaris
|
Mugwort |
Robbins,
1991: 118 |
| Chrysanthemum
|
|
|
Robbins,
1991: 116 |
| Chrysanthemum
|
|
|
White,
1988: 63 |
| ?
Eupatorium |
|
|
Uffen
in Chandler, 1978: 222 |
| Eupatorium
|
cannabinum
|
Hemp-agrimony |
White,
1988: 63 |
| Senecio
|
|
|
White,
1988: 63 |
| ?
Senecio |
|
|
Uffen
in Chandler, 1978: 222 |
| Tanacetum
|
vulgare
|
Tansy |
British
leafminers |
| ?
Tanacetum |
vulgare
|
Tansy |
Uffen
in Chandler, 1978: 222 |
| Tanacetum
|
vulgare
|
Tansy |
Robbins,
1991: 117 |
| Tanacetum
|
vulgare
|
Tansy |
White,
1988: 63 |
Hosts elsewhere:
| Asteraceae |
|
|
|
| Achillea
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
| Achillea
|
biserrata |
|
Bladmineerders
van Europa |
| Achillea
|
gnaphalioides |
|
Bladmineerders
van Europa |
| Achillea
|
moxa |
|
Bladmineerders
van Europa |
| Achillea
|
ptarmica |
Sneezewort |
Bladmineerders
van Europa |
|
?
Artemisia
|
|
|
Uffen
in Chandler, 1978: 222 |
| Artemisia
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
| ?
Artemisia |
absinthium
|
Wormwood |
White,
1988: 63 |
| Artemisia
|
absinthium
|
Wormwood |
Bladmineerders
van Europa |
| Artemisia
|
vulgaris
|
Mugwort |
Bladmineerders
van Europa |
| ?
Artemisia |
vulgaris
|
Mugwort |
White,
1988: 63 |
| Chrysanthemum
|
indicum |
|
Bladmineerders
van Europa |
| ? Eupatorium |
|
|
Uffen
in Chandler, 1978: 222 |
| Leucanthemum
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
| ?
Leucanthemum
|
vulgare
|
Oxeye
Daisy |
White,
1988: 63 |
| ?
Senecio |
|
|
Uffen
in Chandler, 1978: 222 |
| Senecio
|
|
|
Hering,
1957 |
| Senecio
|
nemorensis |
Wood
Ragwort |
Bladmineerders
van Europa |
| ?
Senecio |
vulgaris
|
Groundsel |
White,
1988: 63 |
| Tanacetum
|
corymbosum |
|
Bladmineerders
van Europa |
| Tanacetum
|
macrophyllum |
Rayed
Tansy |
Bladmineerders
van Europa |
| ?
Tanacetum |
parthenium
|
Feverfew |
White,
1988: 63 |
| Tanacetum
|
parthenium
|
Feverfew |
Bladmineerders
van Europa |
| ?
Tanacetum |
vulgare
|
Tansy |
Uffen
in Chandler, 1978: 222 |
| Tanacetum
|
vulgare
|
Tansy |
Bladmineerders
van Europa |
| ?
Tanacetum |
vulgare
|
Tansy |
White,
1988: 63 |
Time
of year - mines: September-October.
Time
of year - adults: ? June.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Throughout Britain, more common
in the north than in the south (White,
1988: 63) including Warwickshire (Packington) (Robbins,
1991: 119); Dorset, Durham, Glamorgan, Hertfordshire, Mid-west
Yorkshire, North Hampshire, North Wiltshire, North-west Yorkshire,
Shropshire, South Hampshire, South-east Yorkshire, Stafford, Surrey,
Warwickshire and Westmorland
(NBN Gateway - N.B. includes Watsonian Vice Counties having publicly available records that fall within or overlap the vice county border at 10km resolution or better i.e. a record for a vice county may relate to an adjacent vice county - for included datasets see NBN Grid map below).
NBN Grid map: Note that not all datasets on the NBN Gateway may be available on the map below. If you are an NBN Gateway registered user you can request access for missing datasets via the link 'Open interactive map in new window' below.
Distribution
elsewhere: Throughout the Palaearctic Region, except the Mediterranean
and Middle Eastern areas (White,
1988: 63), including The Netherlands, Luxembourg (Bladmineerders
van Europa) and Belgium (Leclercq
and de Bruyn, 1991). See also Fauna
Europaea.
NBN
interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain
and Ireland and elsewhere:
| Achillea
ptarmica, Achillea
millefolium, Artemisia
absinthium, Artemisia
verlotiorum, Artemisia
vulgaris, Eupatorium
cannabinum, Leucanthemum
vulgare, ? Senecio
vulgaris, Tanacetum
macrophyllum, ? Tanacetum
parthenium,
Tanacetum vulgare |
Parasitoids
in Britain and elsewhere:
|