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CICHORIUM. Chicory and Endive. [Asteraceae]
Two species of Cichorium are recorded in Britain, the native Chicory (C. intybus) and the introduced Endive (C. endive). Four dipterous miners, the agromyzids Chromatomyia 'atricornis', Liriomyza strigata and Ophiomyia pinguis and the tephritid Trypeta immaculata, are recorded on Cichorium in Britain. The agromyzid Liriomyza huidobrensis a polyphagous pest species of ornamental and vegetable crops occasionally intercepted at UK points of entry, is recorded on Cichorium and has been found under glass in England and Wales. All populations have been and continue to be eradicated. The agromyzid Napomyza cichorii is recorded boring the stems or flowers of Cichorium in Britain and elsewhere. Elsewhere the agromyzids Liriomyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza strigata and Ophiomyia pinguis are recorded mining Cichorium. No non-dipterous miners are recorded on Cichorium in Britain.	Chicory - Cichorium intybus.

Key for the identification of the known Diptera mines in Britain.

#> Details of mine unknown. Pupation internal. Puparium yellow Trypeta immaculata (Macquart) [Tephritidae]. 1> Mine primarily associated with the mid-rib. A distinctive mine with irregular short lateral offshoots into leaf blade. Pupation external.     Mines of Liriomyza strigata on Sonchus. Image: Crown copyright - courtesy of CSL Liriomyza strigata (Meigen) [Agromyzidae]. -> Mine not primarily associated with the mid-rib. 2. 2> Mine linear, whitish, both upper and lower surface. Pupation internal, at the end of the mine, with the anterior spiracles projecting through the epidermis. Mine of Chromatomyia atricornis on Sonchus olearaceus. Images: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Chromatomyia 'atricornis' auctt. [Agromyzidae]. -> Egg is laid beneath the epidermis on the upper leaf surface. Larva mine in basal leaves. Pupation internal. Puparium pale whitish-yellow Ophiomyia pinguis (Fallén) [Agromyzidae].

Last updated 29-Jul-2008  Brian Pitkin

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