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GALEOPSIS. Hemp-nettles. [Lamiaceae]

Six species of Galeopsis are recorded in Britain. These include the native species Bifid Hemp-nettle (G. bifida), Red Hemp-nettle (G. angustifolia), Downy Hemp-nettle (G. segetum), Large-flowered Hemp-nettle (G. speciosa) and Common Hemp-nettle (G. tetrahit) and the introduced Broad-leaved Hemp-nettle (G. ladanum). Six dipterous miners, the agromyzids Amauromyza labiatarum, Amauromyza lamii, Chromatomyia horticola, Liriomyza eupatorii, Liriomyza strigata and Ophiomyia labiatarum, are recorded on Galeopsis in Britain and one of these, the polyphagous Chromatomyia horticola also occurs on Ocimum in Britain. Elsewhere the agromyzids Amauromyza labiatarum, Amauromyza lamii, Amauromyza morionella and Liriomyza bryoniae, Liriomyza eupatorii, Liriomyza strigata and Ophiomyia labiatarum are recorded mining Galeopsis. One non-dipterous leaf-miner is recorded on Galeopsis in Britain (see below)

Red Hemp-nettle - Galeopsis angustifolia.

Key for the identification of the known Diptera mines in Britain.

1> Stem mine. A shallow, inconspicuous external stem mine. Pupation in stem near a node. Puparium whitish-grey Ophiomyia labiatarum Hering [Agromyzidae]. ->Leaf mine. 2. 2> Mine primarily associated with mid-rib. A distinctive mine with irregular short lateral offshoots into leaf blade. Pupation external.     Mines of Liriomyza strigata on Sonchus. Image: Crown copyright - courtesy of CSL Liriomyza strigata (Meigen) [Agromyzidae]. ->Mine not primarily associated with mid-rib. 3. 3> A linear-blotch mine, first instar mine is linear, later developing into a conspicuous white blotch. Frass greenish diffused. Rubus fruticosus Filipendula ulmaria Mines of Amauromyza labiatarum. Images: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Amauromyza (Trilobomyza) labiatarum (Hendel) [Agromyzidae]. ->Initially a long, slim corridor, the frass alternating on either the side of the corridor. After moulting, the larva broadens the mine and the frass is less regular. Pupation external Mine of Amauromyza lamii on Stachys sylvatica. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Amauromyza lamii (Kaltenbach, 1858) [Agromyzidae]. ->Mine linear, whitish, both upper and lower surface. Pupation internal, at the end of the mine, with the anterior spiracles projecting through the epidermis. Puparium whitish Mine of Chromatomyia horticola on Papaver rhoeas. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau) [Agromyzidae]. ->Larva forming linear mine commencing with a conspicuous regular spiral and then continuing a considerable distance more or less straight. Mine of Liriomyza eupatorii on Eupatorium cannabinum. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Liriomyza eupatorii (Kaltenbach) [Agromyzidae].

Non-dipterous miners recorded on Galeopsis in Britain Apteropeda orbiculata (Marsham, 1802) Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae

Last updated 05-Aug-2008  Brian Pitkin

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