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HELIANTHUS. Sunflowers and Jerusalem artichoke [Asteraceae]

Twelve species of Helianthus are recorded in Britain. all are introduced and include Sunflowers and Jerusalem artichoke (H. tuberosus). Four dipterous miners, the agromyzids Chromatomyia 'atricornis', Liriomyza eupatorii and Liriomyza strigata and the tephritid Trypeta zoe are recorded on Helianthus in Britain. The agromyzids Liriomyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza sativae and Liriomyza trifolii, polyphagous pest species of ornamental and vegetable crops occasionally intercepted at UK points of entry, are recorded on Helianthus. Liriomyza huidobrensis and Liriomyza trifolii have been found under glass in England and Wales. All populations have been and continue to be eradicated. Elsewhere the agromyzids Chromatomyia horticola, Liriomyza eupatorii, Liriomyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza sativae, Liriomyza strigata and Liriomyza trifolii, and the tephritid Trypeta zoe are recorded mining Helianthus. No non-dipterous miners are recorded on Helianthus in Britain.

Sunflower - Helianthus annuus.

Key for the identification of the known Diptera mines in Britain.

1> Mine primarily associated with the mid-rib. 2. ->Mine not primarily associated with the mid-rib. 3. 2> Corridor mine following the mid-rib, with lateral offshoots. Puparium yellow Mine of Trypeta zoe on Artemisia vulgaris. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Trypeta zoe Meigen [Tephritidae]. ->A distinctive mine primarily above mid-rib, with irregular short lateral offshoots into leaf blade. Pupation external.     Mines of Liriomyza strigata on Sonchus. Image: Crown copyright - courtesy of CSL Liriomyza strigata (Meigen) [Agromyzidae] 3>Mine linear, whitish, both upper and lower surface. Pupation internal, at the end of the mine, with the anterior spiracles projecting through the epidermis. Mine of Chromatomyia atricornis on Sonchus olearaceus. Images: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Chromatomyia 'atricornis' auctt. [Agromyzidae]. ->A linear mine commencing with a conspicuous regular spiral and then continuing a considerable distance more or less straight. Mine of Liriomyza eupatorii on Eupatorium cannabinum. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Liriomyza eupatorii (Kaltenbach) [Agromyzidae].

Last updated 30-Jul-2008  Brian Pitkin

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