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MILIUM. Millets. [Poaceae]

Two species of Milium are recorded in Britain. These include Early Millet (M. vernale) and Wood Millet (M. effusum). Both are native species. Three dipterous miners, the agromyzids Agromyza albipennis, Chromatomyia milii and Chromatomyia nigra, are recorded on Milium in Britain. Miners on grasses should be reared, whenever possible, to confirm their identity. Elsewhere the agromyzids Agromyza mobilis, Cerodontha incisa, Cerodontha muscina, Chromatomyia fuscula, Chromatomyia milii, Chromatomyia nigra and Liriomyza flaveola are recorded mining Milium. One non-dipterous miner, Cosmopterix orichalcea, is recorded on Milium in Britain. Elsewhere eight additional British non-dipterous miners are recorded on Milium (see below).

Key for the identification of the known Diptera mines in Britain.

1> Larvae feed singly, forming an upper surface linear-blotch mine. Pupation either internal or external. Puparium reddish, brown or black, loosely glued to the leaf. Mine of Agromyza albipennis on Phalaris arundinacea. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Agromyza albipennis Meigen [Agromyzidae]. -> A substantial linear mine. Pupation internal. Mine of Chromatomyia milii on Holcus lanatus. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Chromatomyia milii (Kaltenbach) [Agromyzidae]. -> Long, narrow, whitish mine. Pupation internal. Puparium yellowish-brown, anterior spiracles projecting through the epidermis. Mine of Chromatomyia nigra on Arrhenatherum elatius. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Chromatomyia nigra (Meigen) [Agromyzidae]

Non-dipterous miners recorded on Milium in Britain Cosmopterix orichalcea Stainton, 1861 Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae Additional British non-dipterous miners recorded on Milium elsewhere Elachista adscitella Stainton, 1851 Lepidoptera: Elachistidae Elachista albifrontella (Hübner, 1817) Lepidoptera: Elachistidae Elachista apicipunctella Stainton, 1849 Lepidoptera: Elachistidae   Elachista atricomella Stainton, 1849 Lepidoptera: Elachistidae   Elachista cingillella (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855) Lepidoptera: Elachistidae     Elachista luticomella Zeller, 1839 Lepidoptera: Elachistidae   Elachista stabilella Stainton, 1858 Lepidoptera: Elachistidae   Elachista unifasciella (Haworth, 1828) Lepidoptera: Elachistidae

Last updated 20-Aug-2008  Brian Pitkin

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