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PHLOX. Phlox. [Polemoniaceae]
Three species of Phlox are recorded in Britain. All are introduced and include Annual Phlox (P. drummondii), Phlox (Phlox paniculata) and Moss Phlox (P. subulata). Three dipterous miners, the agromyzid Liriomyza strigata, the anthomyiid Delia echinata, and the tephritid Trypeta zoe, are recorded on Phlox in Britain, although the record of the Delia echinata is doubtful and the record of Trypeta zoe is considered unlikely to be correct (White, 1988). The agromyzids Liriomyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza sativae and Liriomyza trifolii, polyphagous pest species of ornamental and vegetable crops occasionally intercepted at UK points of entry, are recorded on Phlox. Liriomyza huidobrensis and Liriomyza trifolii have	Phlox - Phlox paniculatum
been found under glass in England and Wales. All populations have been and continue to be eradicated. Elsewhere the polyphagous agromyzids Liromyza bryoniae, Liriomyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza sativae, Liriomyza strigata and Liriomyza trifolii, and the anthomyiid Delia echinata are recorded mining Phlox. No non-dipterous miners are recorded on Phlox in Britain.

Key for the identification of the known Diptera mines in Britain.

1> Leaf and stem mine. Apart from mining leaves the stems are excavated. Oviposition takes place on the tips of shoots. The larva at first mines strip-like full depth corridors in the apical leaves, going then into the stem, which it hollows out, so that it becomes translucent. It then searches out leaves further down in which initially it mines depositing frass in strips, but then in blotches. The corridors often lie in one half of the leaf and can be branched. In the blotches the frass is irregularly scattered. Pupation is in the hollow stem or in the ground. Delia echinata (Séguy) [Anthomyiidae]. ->Leaf mine. 2. 2> Mine primarily associated with the mid-rib. A distinctive mine with irregular short lateral offshoots into leaf blade. Pupation external.     Mines of Liriomyza strigata on Sonchus. Image: Crown copyright - courtesy of CSL Liriomyza strigata (Meigen) [Agromyzidae]. ->Blotch mine, not primarily associated with mid-rib. Host record unlikely to be correct. Puparium yellow Mine of Trypeta zoe on Artemisia vulgaris. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Trypeta zoe Meigen [Tephritidae].

Last updated 30-Jul-2008  Brian Pitkin

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