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Note: Diptera larvae may live in a corridor mine, a corridor-blotch mine, or a blotch mine, but never in a case, a rolled or folded leaf, a tentiform mine or sandwiched between two more or less circular leaf sections in later instars. Pupation never in a cocoon. All mining Diptera larvae are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall. The larvae lie on their sides within the mine and use their pick-like mouthparts to feed on plant tissue. In some corridor miners frass may lie in two rows on alternate sides of the mine. In order to vacate the mine the fully grown larva cuts an exit slit, which is usually semi-circular (see Liriomyza huidobrensis video). The pupa is formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
# >
Details of mine unknown.
Scaptomyza
montana of Basden (1954)
was misidentified. The true montana (Basden, 1949) (described
from North America) was synonymised with flava
(Fallén, 1823c) by Hackman (1959),
who stated that Basden's montana was an undescribed species.
It remains undescribed. (Bachli, pers. comm. in Chandler,
1998: 156).
Scaptomyza
sp. [Diptera: Drosophilidae].
1a >
Stem mine. An external stem mine. Pupation in the stem, near or
even below ground level, with the anterior spiracles projecting
through the epidermis. Puparium reddish brown
On
Lathyrus, Pisum and Vicia in Britain and
Lathyrus and Pisum elsewhere. Widespread in the
south of Britain. Widespread in much of Europe.
Ophiomyia
orbiculata (Hendel, 1931) [Diptera: Agromyzidae].
1b >
Leaf mine.
2
2a >
Initially a lower-surface linear mine, which later develops into
large whitish blotch which appears like a pale mottled area from
above, due to variable depth of feeding through to upper surface.
Less frequently feeding in upper surface or stem. Puparium reddish
On
Lathyrus grandiflorus, Lathyrus latifolius, Lathyrus rotundifolius,
Lathyrus tuberosus and Pisum sativum in Britain and
additional species and genera of Fabaceae elsewhere. Widespread
in southern England - Kent, Surrey, Warwick and Cambridge and
Widespread in continental Europe.
Agromyza
lathyri Hendel, 1923 [Diptera: Agromyzidae].
2b >
Leaf-miner: Mine linear, whitish, both upper and lower surface. Pupation internal,
at the end of the mine with the anterior spiracles projecting through
the epidermis (Spencer, 1976:
433). Upper-surface,
less often lower-surface corridor. Frass in isolated grains. Pupation
within the mine, in a, usually lower-surface, pupal chamber (Bladmineerders
van Europa). A long whitish upper surface corridor, which eventually goes lower surface (British
leafminers).
Two
highly polyphagous species of Chromatomyia, with indistinguishable
mines, have been recorded in Britain. These are syngenesiae
(Hardy) and horticola
(Goureau) which can only be distinguished by the male genitalia.
Both are polyphagous and widespread in Britain and elsewhere,
although syngenesiae is almost entirely restricted to Asteraceae
(see also 'atricornis').
Chromatomyia horticola is recorded on 55 plant genera in 19 families in Britain including Pisum in Britain.
Chromatomya syngenesiae is recorded in Britain on 27 plant genera in the family Asteraceae and many more genera elsewhere, but not yet on Pisum in Britain.
Chromatomyia
horticola (Goureau, 1851) [Diptera: Agromyzidae].
OR
Chromatomyia
syngenesiae Hardy, 1849 [Diptera: Agromyzidae].
2c >
An upper surface linear mine with frass in conspicuous greenish
strips, largely alternating at each side of the channel. Puparium
yellow
On
numerous genera of Fabaceae, including Pisum, in Britain
and elsewhere. Widespread in Britain. Also recorded in the Republic
of Ireland and widespread and common throughout most of Europe
Liriomyza congesta (Becker, 1903) [Diptera: Agromyzidae].
2d >
A long linear mine, normally starting on lower surface, frass in
black strips alternately at sides of mine.
On
Lathryus, Pisum and Vicia in Britain and
Lathryus and Pisum elsewhere. Only known from Kent,
Surrey, Herts and Warwick in Britain. Widespread in continental
Europe.
Liriomyza
pisivora Hering, 1957 [Diptera: Agromyzidae].
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