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SENECIO. Ragworts and Groundsels [Asteraceae]
Thirty-eight species of Senecio are recorded in Britain. These include the native Common Ragwort (S. jacobaea), Fen Ragwort (S. paludosus), Groundsel (S. vulgaris), Heath Groundsel (S. sylvaticus), Hoary Ragwort (S. erucifolius), Marsh Ragwort (S. aquaticus), Sticky Groundsel (S. viscosus) and Welsh Groundsel (S. cambrensis) and the introduced Broad-leaved Ragwort (S. fluviatilis). Fen Ragwort (S. paludosus) is protected under Schedule 8 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act, 1981. Nine dipterous miners, the agromyzids Chromatomyia 'atricornis', Chromatomyia syngenesiae, Liriomyza erucifolii, Liriomyza strigata, Ophiomyia senecionina, Phytomyza alpina and Phytomyza marginella and the tephritids ? Acidia cognata, Trypeta artemisiae and Trypeta zoe, are recorded on Senecio in Britain.	Ragwort - Senecio sp.
The agromyzids Liriomyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza sativae and Liriomyza trifolii, polyphagous pest species of ornamental and vegetable crops occasionally intercepted at UK points of entry, are recorded on Senecio. Liriomyza huidobrensis and Liriomyza trifolii have been found under glass in England and Wales. All populations have been and continue to be eradicated. The agromyzids Melanagromyza aeneoventris, Melanagromyza eupatorii, Melanagromyza oligophaga and Napomyza lateralis are recorded boring the stems of Senecio in Britain. Elsewhere the agromyzids Chromatomyia horticola and Chromatomyia syngenesiae, Liriomyza erucifolii, Liriomyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza sativae and Liriomyza trifolii, Ophiomyia senecionina and Phytomyza alpina, the sciarid Phytosciara halterata; and the tephritids ? Acidia cognata, Cornutrypeta spinifrons, Stemonocera cornuta, Trypeta artemisiae, Trypeta immaculata and Trypeta zoe are recorded mining Senecio. Elsewhere the agromyzid Napomyza lateralis is recorded boring the stems of Senecio. One non-dipterous miner is recorded on Senecio in Britain (see below).

Key for the identification of the known Diptera mines in Britain.

1> Stem mine. An external stem mine. Pupation in the mine. Ophiomyia senecionina Hering [Agromyzidae]. -> Leaf mine. 2. 2> Blotch mine. Pupation external. Puparium yellow Mine of Stemonocera cornuta on Eupatorium cannabinum. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Stemonocera cornuta (Scopoli) [Tephritidae]. -> Blotch mine. Pupation external. Puparium yellow Mine of Trypeta artemisiae on Artemisia vulgaris. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Trypeta artemisiae (Fabricius) [Tephritidae]. -> An upper surface corridor mine, becoming strongly broadened and blotch-like. The mine can occupy a considerable part of a small leaf. Mines frequently merge, and then accommodate several larvae. Pupation external, in soil. Puparium yellow Mine of Acidia cognata on Tussilago farfara. Images: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Acidia cognata (Wiedemann) [Tephritidae]. -> Corridor mine. 3. 3> Corridor mine primarily following the mid-rib, with lateral offshoots. 4. -> Corridor mine not primarily following the mid-rib. 5. 4> Leaf-mine. Corridor mine following the mid-rib, with lateral offshoots. Puparium yellow Mine of Trypeta zoe on Artemisia vulgaris. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Trypeta zoe Meigen [Tephritidae]. -> Leaf mine. A distinctive mine primarily above mid-rib, with irregular short lateral offshoots into leaf blade. Pupation external.     Mines of Liriomyza strigata on Sonchus. Image: Crown copyright - courtesy of CSL Liriomyza strigata (Meigen) [Agromyzidae] 5> Leaf mine. Mine linear, whitish, both upper and lower surface. Pupation internal, at the end of the mine, with the anterior spiracles projecting through the epidermis. Mine of Chromatomyia atricornis on Sonchus olearaceus. Images: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Chromatomyia 'atricornis' auctt. [Agromyzidae] Chromatomyia syngenesiae (Hardy) [Agromyzidae]. -> Leaf mine. A relatively long irregular linear mine, normally commencing near the apex of the leaf and for a while following the leaf margin. Mine of Liriomyza erucifolii on Senecio jacobaea. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Liriomyza erucifolii Meijere [Agromyzidae]. -> Leaf mine. Mine irregularly linear, long, towards end wide. Pupation external. Puparium black Phytomyza alpina Groschke [Agromyzidae]. -> Leaf mine. Larva mining both lower and upper surface, unusually long, linear, conspicuously broad, frequently largely on the underside of the leaf. Pupation external. Puparium black Mine of Phytomyza marginella on Lapsana communis. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Phytomyza marginella Fallén [Agromyzidae].

Non-dipterous miners recorded on Senecio in Britain Cnephasia conspersana Douglas, 1846 Lepidoptera: Tortricidae

Last updated 05-Aug-2008  Brian Pitkin

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