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TROPAEOLUM. Nasturtium. [Tropaeolaceae]
Four species of Tropaeolum are recorded in Britain. All are introduced and include Nasturtium (T. majus), Dwarf Nasturtium (T. minus) and Canary-creeper (T. peregrinum). Seven dipterous miners, the agromyzid Chromatomyia horticola, the drosophilids Scaptomyza flava and Scaptomyza graminum and the ephydrids Hydrellia griseola, Hydrellia meigeni, Hydrellia pubescens and Hydrellia ranunculi, and are recorded on Tropaeolum in Britain. The agromyzids Liriomyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza sativae and Liriomyza trifolii, polyphagous pest species of ornamental and vegetable crops occasionally intercepted at UK points of entry, are recorded on Tropaeolum. Liriomyza huidobrensis and Liriomyza trifolii have been found under glass in England and Wales. All populations have been and continue to be eradicated.	Nasturtium - Tropaeolum majus
Elsewhere the polyphagous agromyzids Chromatomyia horticola, Liriomyza bryoniae, Liriomyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza sativae, Liriomyza strigata and Liriomyza trifolii, the ephydrids Hydrellia meigeni and Hydrellia pubescens; and the drosophilids Scaptomyza flava and Scaptomyza graminum are recorded mining Tropaeolum. No non-dipterous miners are recorded on Tropaeolum in Britain. Elsewhere one non-dipterous miner is recorded on Tropaeolum (see below)

Key for the identification of the known Diptera mines in Britain.

#>Details of mine unknown. Hydrellia meigeni Zatwarnicki [Ephydridae]. #>Details of mine unknown. Hydrellia pubescens Becker [Ephydridae]. #>Details of mine unknown. Hydrellia ranunculi Haliday [Ephydridae]. 1> Corridor-blotch mine, normally dorsal; usually whitish; in small leaves it lies characteristically in the centre of the leaf often touching the petiole; in larger leaves it lies to one side of the mid-rib. Frass deposited in green clumps near the leaf margin. Pupation usually external, sometimes in a separate pupation mine. Mine of Scaptomyza flava on Brassica rapa. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Scaptomyza flava (Fallén) [Drosophilidae]. ->Corridor-blotch leaf mine. Mine begins as a normally upper surface deep corridor and becomes a blotch lying centrally in the leaf, often touching the leaf petiole, if leaves are small larva may mine across the stem to another leaf. Pupation internal or external, sometimes in a separate pupation mine. Frass partly in grains or streaks but mainly in clumps towards margins of blotch. Scaptomyza graminum (Fallén) [Drosophilidae]. ->Mine linear, whitish, both upper and lower surface. Pupation internal, at the end of the mine. Puparium whitish, anterior spiracles projecting through the epidermis. Mine of Chromatomyia horticola on Papaver rhoeas. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau) [Agromyzidae]. ->Irregularly formed mine, very shallow and as a result, whitish in colour. In broad leaved plants frequently star-shaped and sometimes a very shallow corridor. In grasses the mine frequently starts in the leaf sheath. The frass is finely grained, initially irregularly spread, later in clumps. The larva may mine more than one leaf. Pupation in separate mine (sometimes even on another plant) without frass. Puparium whitish to dark grey Mine of Hydrellia griseola on Glyceria fluitans. Image: Willem Ellis (Source: Nederlandse bladmineerders) Hydrellia griseola (Fallén) [Ephydridae].

Additional British non-dipterous miners recorded on Tropaeolum elsewhere Ceutorhynchus contratus (Marsham, 1802) Coleoptera: Curculionidae

Last updated 17-Oct-2008  Brian Pitkin

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