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VISCUM. Mistletoe. [Viscaceae] |
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One species of Viscum, Mistletoe (V. album) is recorded in Britain. No Diptera miners are recorded on Viscum in Britain. One non-Diptera miner is recorded on Viscum in Britain and elsewhere (see below). |
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Key for the identification of the mines of British
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Note: The larvae of mining Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera may live in a corridor mine, a corridor-blotch mine, a blotch mine, a case, a rolled or folded leaf, a tentiform mine or sandwiched between two more or less circular leaf sections in later instars. Larva may pupate in a silk cocoon. The larva may have at least six legs (although they may be reduced or absent), a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding). Larvae of Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera usually also have abdominal legs (see examples). Frass, if present, never in two rows. Unless feeding externally from within a case the larva usually vacates the mine by chewing an exit hole. Pupa with visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).
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1 > The larva overwinters in a narrow crescent shaped mine on the the lower leaf surface and then forms a large blotch mine next spring (British leafminers). In autumn the mine begins as a brown, narrow and inconspicuous, lower-surface corridor. The larva is capable of leaving its mine and restarting elsewhere, possibly in another leaf. In April - May of the following spring a full depth transparant blotch is made, from which most frass is ejected. The mined leaf soon drops, which makes the mine even more difficult to detect (Simpson, 2004a) (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Celypha woodiana (Barrett, 1882) [Lepidoptera: Tortricidae] |
| Last updated 02-Feb-2012 Brian Pitkin |  |
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