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Leaf-mine:
The larva feeds in a leaf-mine to begin with, then later feeding
externally on the leaves, shrivelling and blanching or browning
them (UKMoths).
The mine is illustrated in British
leafminers.
Larva:
Twice during its growth, it spins a white cocoonet in which it moults
its skin. The cocoonet is constructed on the upper surface of a
leaf, where it is easily detected. If held up to the light, the
larva, or its cast skin retaining the larval shape, can be seen
(UKMoths).
Pupa:
In a distinctive whitish ribbed cocoon (UKMoths).
Hosts
in Britain:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: April and May and again in July (UKMoths).
Time
of year - adults: May and June, then July to August (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Britain: Fairly widespread in England including Lancaster
(Greater Manchester, Flixton), Chester (UKMoths),
Suffolk (Thetford) (British
leafminers), East Cornwall, North Hants, South Essex and Worcester
(NBN
Gateway distribution map - JNCC
and NE).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Karsholt & van Nieukerken
in Fauna
Europaea).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in Europe including Austria, Belarus,
Belgium, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, French mainland,
Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norwegian
mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia - Central, East. North and Northwest,
Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands and Ukraine (Karsholt
& van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea).
Parasitoids:
Unknown.
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