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Leaf-mine:
The larva forms a case, approximately 11-12 mm long, beneath
a thistle leaf, although burdock may sometimes be used. The shape
of the ochreous case varies as, when being enlarged, it is elongated
first, and the girth increased subsequently (UKMoths).
Larva:
The larva is illustrated in Nederlandse
baldmineerders.
Pupa:
Details unknown.
Hosts
in Britain:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: Feeding takes place July - September, and most
larvae diapause full fed until pupation in May. Some larvae complete
feeding in April (UKMoths).
August to October (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: The adults fly in June and July (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Britain: The moth is often common in habitats where its foodplants
occur, and is distributed throughout England, Wales and southern
Scotland (UKMoths)
including including Hunts, North Hants, Salop, South Lancaster,
South-west York, Surrey (NBN
Gateway distribution map - BRERC,
NE
and SHWRG)
and the Channel Is. (Karsholt & van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea)
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Karsholt & van Nieukerken
in Fauna
Europaea).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in Europe including Belgium, Bulgaria,
Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland,
Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania,
Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia - Central and South,
Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, The Netherlands and Ukraine.
Also recorded from Near East (Karsholt & van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea).
Parasitoids:
Unknown.
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