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Leaf-mine:
The fully developed larval case, 6 mm long, on cowberry, in April
and May of its second year of life, is easily identified by its
structure of about forty discs of leaf arranged like a pile of coins,
its walking stick shape and the ventral keel of white silk. Each
larva makes a large number of small fleck mines, which can be recognised
by the relatively large hole where a disc of leaf has been excised
for the case (UKMoths).
Larva:
Details unknown.
Pupa:
Details
unknown.
Hosts
in Britain:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: September-April (Emmet et al., 1996a).
Time
of year - adults: Late May to early July (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Britain: Occurs on the more sheltered parts of moors and
Scots pine woodland in the Highlands of Scotland, the Pennine Hills
and the Clwyd Hills (UKMoths)
Banff, Chester, Easterness, Elgin, Mid Perth, North Aberdeen, South
Aberdeen and Stafford (NBN
Gateway distribution map - HBRG,
JNCC, NE,
NESBRC,
SNH and SER).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in Europe including Austria, Belgium,
Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland,
Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norwegian mainland, Poland,
Romania, Russia - North, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland and The Netherlands
(Karsholt & van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea).
Parasitoids:
Unknown.
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