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Leaf-mine:
The larvae mine the leaves of birch, creating a distinctive
mine which begins as a dark circular blotch, and is then extended
into a larger pale blotch with a darker central circle. Sometimes
several mines are found in one leaf (UKMoths).
Larva:
The larva is illustrated in British
leafminers and Nederlandse
bladmineerders.
Pupa:
Details unknown.
Hosts
in Britain:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: August - October (British
leafminers; UKMoths).
Time
of year - adults: There is a single generation, with adults
at large from late May to July (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Britain: Distributed commonly throughout mainland Britain
(UKMoths)
including Bedford, East Cornwall, East Kent, East Perth. Edinburgh,
Fife, Hereford, Hunts, Kincardine, Lanark, Mid Perth, Middlesex,
North Aberdeen, North Devon, North Ebudes, North Hants, Peebles,
Selkirk, Salop, South Aberdeen, South Devon, South Lancaster, South
Wilts, South-west York, Stafford, Surrey, West Gloucester, West
Suffolk and Worcester (NBN
Gateway distribution map - BRERC,
DBRC,
GiGL, HBRG,
JNCC, NE,
NESBRC,
SNH, SHWRG
and SER).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Local
in Ireland (UKMoths).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in Europe including Austria, Belarus,
Belgium, Corsica, Croatia, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia,
Finland, French mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania,
Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia - Central, East, North
and Northwest, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland and
The Netherlands. Also recorded in the East Palaearctic (Karsholt
& van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea).
Parasitoids:
Unknown.
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