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Leaf-mine:
Generally several larvae feed in a single leaf, creating a distinctive
pattern of feeding windows. The larvae then cut out circular cases
and drop to the leaf-litter to continue feeding, leaving behind
a leaf containing many circular or oval cut-outs (UKMoths).
The leaf-mine is also illustrated in British
leafminers and Nederlandse
bladmineerders.
Larva:
The larva is illustrated in British
leafminers and Nederlandse
bladmineerders.
Pupa:
Details unknown.
Hosts
in Britain:
| Betulaceae |
|
|
|
| Alnus |
glutinosa |
Alder |
Plant,
in Pitkin & Plant, 2005 |
| Alnus |
glutinosa |
Alder |
Heath
& Pelham-Clinton, 1983a |
| Betula |
|
|
British
leafminers |
| Betula |
|
|
Plant,
in Pitkin & Plant, 2005 |
| Betula |
|
|
UKMoths |
| Betula |
pendula |
Silver
Birch |
Heath
& Pelham-Clinton, 1983a |
| Betula |
pubescens |
Downy
Birch |
Heath
& Pelham-Clinton, 1983a |
| Carpinus |
|
|
British
leafminers |
| Corylus |
|
|
UKMoths |
| Corylus |
avellana |
Hazel |
Heath
& Pelham-Clinton, 1983a |
| Corylus |
avellana |
Hazel |
Plant,
in Pitkin & Plant, 2005 |
| Rosaceae |
|
|
|
| Malus |
|
|
British
leafminers |
| Malus |
|
|
UKMoths |
| Malus |
sylvestris |
Crab
Apple |
Plant,
in Pitkin & Plant, 2005 |
| Tiliaceae |
|
|
|
| Tilia |
cordata |
Small-leaved
Lime |
Edmunds,
2007 |
| Tilia |
cordata |
Small-leaved
Lime |
Plant,
in Pitkin & Plant, 2005 |
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: May-June (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: Flying in April and May (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Britain: Fairly well-distributed throughout much of the British
Isles, including though it tends to be commoner further north (UKMoths)
including Banff, East Kent, East Sutherland, Easterness, Elgin,
Kincardine, Kirkudbright, Lanark, North Aberdeen, South Aberdeen,
South Devon, South Hants, South Wilts, South-west York, Stafford
(NBN
Gateway distribution map - HBRG,
JNCC, NE,
NESBRC
and SNH) and
Northern Ireland (Karsholt & van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea). See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in Europe including Albania, Austria,
Belarus, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia,
Finland, French mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Kaliningrad
Region, Latvia, Lithuania, ? Luxembourg, Macedonia, Norwegian mainland,
Poland, Romania, Russia - Central, East, North and Northwest, Slovakia,
Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland and The Netherlands (Karsholt
& van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea).
Parasitoids:
Unknown.
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