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Leaf-mine:
In a small Phyllonorycter-like mine initially, but with brown
rather than green lower epidermis. Later in two or more successive
cones formed by folding leaf-lobes downwards (British
leafminers).
Larva:
The larva is illustrated in Nederlandse
bladmineerders.
Pupa:
In a folded leaf edge or on leaf-litter (British
leafminers).
Hosts
in Britain:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: July; August-September (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: The adult moths are on the wing in two generations,
during April and May and again in August (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Britain: Very common throughout the British Isles (UKMoths)
including Banff, Bedford, Cambridge, East Cornwall, East Kent, East
Perth, East Ross, Hunts, Isle of Wight, Lanark
Linlithgow, Mid-west York, Middlesex, North Aberdeen, North Devon,
North Hants, Salop, South Aberdeen, South Devon, South Hants, South
Lancaster, South Somerset, South Wilts, Stafford, Surrey, West Cornwall,
West Kent, West Lancaster, West Suffolk, Worcester (NBN
Gateway distribution map - BRERC,
DBRC,
GiGL, HBRG,
JNCC, LWIC,
NE,
NESBRC,
SNH and SHWRG),
the Channel Is. and Northern Ireland (Karsholt & van Nieukerken
in Fauna
Europaea). See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Karsholt & van Nieukerken
in Fauna
Europaea).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in Europe including Albania, Austria,
Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Corsica, Czech
Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany,
Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia,
Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia
- Central and North, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland,
The Netherlands, Ukraine and Yugoslavia. Also recorded in Near East
and Nearctic region (Karsholt & van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea).
Parasitoids:
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