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Leaf-mine:
Early mine a blotch with upper epidermis turning brown. Then
a fold at the leaf edge or tip of the leaf. Often two or three folds
can be seen (British
leafminers). The mine is also illustrated in Nederlandse
bladmineerders.
Larva:
The larva is iluustrated in Nederlandse
bladmineerders.
Pupa:
In
folded leaf-edge, often on a fallen leaf (British
leafminers).
Hosts
in Britain:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: July; September (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: Unknown.
Distribution
in Britain: British Is. (Karsholt & van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea) including Bucks and
East Kent (NBN
Gateway distribution map - BRERC
and NE).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in Europe including Albania, Austria,
Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, French
mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Macedonia, Poland,
Romania, Russia - South, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands,
Ukraine and Yugoslavia (Karsholt & van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea). See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Parasitoids:
Unknown.
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