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Leaf-mine:
A 'snail-trail'-like mine on the upper surface, long and sinuous,
without any visible frass. The mine can sometimes cover most of
the leaf (British
leafminers).
Larva:
The larva is illustrated in Nederlandse
bladmineerders.
Pupa:
The pupa is illustrated in Nederlandse
bladmineerders. Under a membrane on the margin of leaf (British
leafminers).
Hosts
in Britain:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: June, August (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: The adults fly in July and from September
onwards, overwintering sometimes in haystacks (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Britain: Fairly common in most of England, becoming scarcer
further north (UKMoths)
including Cambridge, Isle of Wight, Mid-west York, North Hants,
South Devon, South Lancaster, West Suffolk (NBN
Gateway distribution map - BRERC,
GiGL, JNCC,
NE and SHWRG).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in Europe including Austria, Belgium,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Corsica, Czech Republic, Danish mainland,
Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary,
Italian mainland, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Norwegian mainland, Poland,
Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia Central, East, Northwest and
South, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands and Ukraine.
Also recorded in Near East (Karsholt & van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea).
Parasitoids:
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