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Leaf-mine:
The mine is small, usually in lobe of leaf, causing the lobe
to fold downwards (British
leafminers).
Larva:
Details unknown.
Pupa:
The
cremaster has four hooks (British
leafminers). The pupa is illustrated in Nederlandse
bladmineerders.
Hosts
in Britain:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: July and more commonly in September and October
(UKMoths).
Time
of year - adults: The adults emerge in two generations, in May
and August (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Britain: Distributed over much of England, where the foodplant
is natively established (UKMoths)
including East Kent, Hunts, Leicester, North Essex, North Hants,
Northampton, South Devon, South Lancaster, South Lincoln, Stafford,
West Kent and Worcestershire (NBN
Gateway distribution map - BRERC,
DBRC,
GiGL, JNCC,
NE and SHWRG).
See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in Europe including Albania, Austria,
Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, French
mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Republic of Moldova,
Poland, Romania, Russia - Central and South, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland,
The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia. Also recorded in Near East
(Karsholt & van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea).
Parasitoids:
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