Leaf-mine: The mine is oval on Q. ilex (note - there may be several mines in the leaf), and similar to P. quercifoliella on deciduous oaks. It is between adjacent veins on beech and hornbeam (British leafminers).

Small, oval, lower-surface tentiform mine, 9-14 mm long, mostly between two lateral veins. The lower epidermis with a single sharp fold (sometimes forked near its end). Pupa in very flimsy cocoon, that contains a bit of frass laterally and at the rear end (Bladmineerders van Europa).

The mine is also illustrated in UKMoths.

Larva: The larva is a pale yellow colour (British leafminers).

The larva is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.

Pupa: The pupa is illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.

Adult: The adult is illustrated in UKMoths. The male genitalia, but not the female genitalia (check for update), are illustrated by the Lepidoptera Dissection Group.

Hosts in Britain:

Hosts elsewhere:

Time of year - larvae: March - April, July, October (British leafminers).

Time of year - adults: The adult moths occur in a number of generations, any time between April and November (UKMoths).

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Fairly common throughout much of the British Isles, though more so in the south (UKMoths) including Bedfordshire, Brecon, Caernarvonshire, Cambridgeshire, Carmarthenshire, Cheshire, Derbyshire, East Cornwall, East Norfolk, East Suffolk, East Sussex, Flintshire, Glamorgan, Herefordshire, Hertfordshire, Merionethshire, Middlesex, Monmouthshire, North Essex, North Somerset, North Wiltshire, Pembrokeshire, Radnorshire, Shropshire, South Aberdeen, South Essex, South Hampshire, South Lancaster, South Wiltshire, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Surrey, Warwickshire, West Cornwall, West Gloucestershire, West Kent, West Lancaster, West Norfolk, West Suffolk, Westmorland and Worcestershire (NBN Gateway - N.B. includes Watsonian Vice Counties having publicly available records that fall within or overlap the vice county border at 10km resolution or better i.e. a record for a vice county may relate to an adjacent vice county - for included datasets see NBN Grid map below), the Channel Is. Northern Ireland and Ireland (Karsholt and van Nieukerken in Fauna Europaea).

NBN Grid map: Note that not all datasets on the NBN Gateway may be available on the map below. If you are an NBN Gateway registered user you can request access for missing datasets via the link 'Open interactive map in new window' below.

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria, Azores, Balearic Is., Belgium, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Corsica, Croatia, Danish mainland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Macedonia, Madeira, Republic of Moldova, Portuguese mainland, Russia - South, Sardinia, Sicily, Spanish mainland, Switzerland, The Netherlands and Ukraine. Also recorded in Near East, North Africa and Australian region (Karsholt and van Nieukerken in Fauna Europaea).

NBN interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain and Ireland and elsewhere:

Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: