|
Leaf-mine: The larva forms a blotch mine on the underside of a leaf, often
quite small, but puckering the leaf noticeably (UKMoths).
The
mine is 10-15 mm long, 1-6 creases in lower epidermis (British
leafminers).
Small
lower surface tentiform mine; the lower epidermis is greenish yellow
and weakly folded. Pupation within the mine in a cocoon that in
the summer generation is so flimsy that sometimes it seems to be
missing, while in the autumn generation it is quite tough. All frass
in a corner of the mine (Bladmineerders
van Europa).
Larva:
Whtish, with an orange-yellow spot dorsally on the sixth abdominal
segment. See Grandi (1931a, 1933a) for a description of the morphology
(Bladmineerders
van Europa).
Pupa:
The pupa is illustrated in Bladmineerders
van Europa.
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths.
The male
and female
genitalia are illustrated by the Lepidoptera Dissection Group.
|
Adult of Phyllonorycter ulmifoliella
Littleborough, Lancashire
Image: ©Ian Kimber (UKMoths) |
Hosts in Britain:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: July, September - October (British
leafminers; UKMoths).
Time
of year - adults: Two generations, with adults flying in May
and again in August (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: This species can be found almost
anywhere where the foodplant, birch (Betula) is present.
Common throughout the British Isles (UKMoths)
including Anglesey, Banff, Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Caernarvonshire,
Cambridgeshire, Carmarthenshire, Cheshire, Denbighshire, Derbyshire,
East Cornwall, East Kent, East Norfolk, East Ross, East Suffolk,
East Sutherland, Easterness, Elgin, Flintshire, Glamorgan, Herefordshire,
Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Kincardine, Merionethshire, Mid-west
Yorkshire, Middlesex, Monmouthshire, North Aberdeen, North Ebudes,
North Essex, North Hampshire, North Somerset, North Wiltshire, Northamptonshire,
Shropshire, South Aberdeen, South Devon, South Essex, South Hampshire,
South Lancaster, South Wiltshire, Stafford, Surrey, West Gloucestershire,
West Kent, West Lancaster, West Norfolk, West Suffolk and Westmorland
(NBN
Gateway - N.B. includes Watsonian Vice Counties having publicly
available records that fall within or overlap the vice county border
at 10km resolution or better i.e. a record for a vice county may
relate to an adjacent vice county - for included datasets see NBN
Grid map below) and Northern Ireland (Karsholt and van Nieukerken
in Fauna
Europaea). See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Karsholt and van Nieukerken
in Fauna
Europaea).
NBN Grid map: Note that not all datasets on the NBN Gateway may be available on the map below. If you are an NBN Gateway registered user you can request access for missing datasets via the link 'Open interactive map in new window' below.
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria,
Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia,
Finland, French mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia Central,
East, North, Northwest and South, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland,
The Netherlands and Ukraine. Also recorded in East Palaearctic and
Near East (Karsholt and van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea).
NBN
interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain
and Ireland and elsewhere:
Parasitoids
in Britain and elsewhere:
|