|
Leaf-mine:
The larva forms a blotch mine on the underside of a leaf, often
quite small, but puckering the leaf noticeably (UKMoths).
The mine is 10-15mm long, 1-6 creases in lower epidermis (British
leafminers).
Larva:
Details unknown.
Pupa:
In a cocoon in mine (Nederlandse
bladmineerders).
Hosts
in Britain:
Hosts
elsewhere:
Time
of year - mines: July, September - October (British
leafminers; UKMoths).
Time
of year - adults: Two generations, with adults flying in May
and again in August (UKMoths).
Distribution
in Britain: This species can be found almost anywhere where
the foodplant, birch (Betula) is present. Common throughout
the British Isles (UKMoths)
including Banff, Bedford, Cambridge, East Cornwall, East Kent, East
Perth, East Ross, East Sutherland, Easterness, Elgin, Fife, Hereford,
Hunts, Lanark, Mid Perth, Mid-west York, Middlesex, North Aberdeen,
North Ebudes, North Essex, North Hants, Orkney, Salop, South Aberdeen,
South Devon, South Hants, South Lancaster, Stafford, Surrey, West
Gloucester, West Kent, West Lancaster, West Suffolk, Worcester
(NBN
Gateway distribution map - BRERC,
DBRC,
GiGL, HBRG,
JNCC, NE,
NESBRC,
SNH and SHWRG)
and Northern
Ireland (Karsholt & van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea). See also British
leafminers distribution map.
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Karsholt & van Nieukerken
in Fauna
Europaea).
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in Europe including Austria, Belarus,
Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland,
French mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia Central, East, North,
Northwest and South, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands
and Ukraine. Also recorded in East Palaearctic and Near East (Karsholt
& van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea).
Parasitoids:
|