Leaf-mine: The larvae feed on the leaves of lime and birch, mining the leaves when young (UKMoths).

Oviposition at the leaf upperside. Mine a short, irregular, full depth corridor, always at the leaf margin, generally in the tip of the leaf. Frassly broadly scattered. The older larva lives free on the leaf (Bladmineerders van Europa).

The mine is also illustrated in British leafminers.

Larva: Details unknown.

Pupa: Details unknown.

Adult: The adult is illustrated in UKMoths (by Duncan Williams) and the Encyclopedia of Life. The male and female genitalia are illustrated by the Lepidoptera Dissection Group.

Hosts in Britain:

Hosts elsewhere:

Time of year - larvae: July, September - October (British leafminers).

Time of year - adults: Two generations, at least in the south of the range, with adults on the wing in May and June and again in August and September (UKMoths).

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Mainly distributed in the southern half of England (UKMoths) and Wales including Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, East Norfolk, East Suffolk, Herefordshire, Huntingdonshire, North Essex, North Hampshire, North Somerset, North Wiltshire, Northamptonshire, Shropshire, South Devon, South Hampshire, South Lancaster, South Wiltshire, Stafford, Surrey, Warwickshire, West Gloucestershire, West Kent, West Norfolk and Worcestershire (NBN Gateway - N.B. includes Watsonian Vice Counties having publicly available records that fall within or overlap the vice county border at 10km resolution or better i.e. a record for a vice county may relate to an adjacent vice county - for included datasets see NBN Grid map below). There are also scattered localities in Wales and in Scotland where the species occurs (UKMoths).

NBN Grid map: Note that not all datasets on the NBN Gateway may be available on the map below. If you are an NBN Gateway registered user you can request access for missing datasets via the link 'Open interactive map in new window' below.

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia - Central and North, Sardinia, Slovakia, Sweden and Switzerland (Karsholt and van Nieukerken in Fauna Europaea).

NBN interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain and Ireland and elsewhere:

Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Unknown.