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Leaf-mine: The mine is brownish and extends along the midrib, sometimes
branching (British
leafminers).
Oviposition
on top of the midrib. Immediately after emergence the larva gnaws
a cavity in the midrib, and from there an irregular blotch is made
adjacent to the midrib. The larva continues living in the midrib
that is gradully hollowed out, making from there broad, brownish,
full depth excursions in the blade. The mine contains much frass;
most of it is concentrated in the area immediately bordering the
midrib. Older, no longer occupied parts of the mine often split
open. Mines mainly on the lower leaves. The slender larvae move
surprisingly fast upon disturbance; when they rest (in daytime)
they lie lengthwise in the hollowed midrib. Pupation outside the
mine (Bladmineerders
van Europa).
Larva:
The larva is illustrated in Bladmineerders
van Europa.
Pupa:
On the ground in the leaf litter (British
leafminers).
Adult:
The adult is illustrated in UKMoths.
The male
and female
genitalia are illustrated by the Lepidoptera Dissection Group.
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Adult of Scrobipalpa acuminatella
Reared from Cirsium arvense, Chorlton, Greater Manchester
Image: © Ben Smart (UKMoths) |
Comments:
Records from Carlina vulgaris and Tussilago farfara
are probably incidental. Reports from Cnicus benedictus and
Onopordum are dubious. Records from Centaurea scabiosa
and Serratula tinctoria probably refer to Scrobipalpa
pauperella (Sattler, 1986a, Jansen, 1999a; Bland at al., 2002a).
Seen in this light also the references to Artemisia campestris
and Tanacetum vulgare (Elsner at al., 1999a) not very probable
(Bladmineerders
van Europa).
Hosts in Britain:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time
of year - larvae: July, September (British
leafminers).
Time
of year - adults: Generally there are two generations, with
adults on the wing in April to June and again in July to September
(UKMoths).
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Widely distributed across much
of the British Isles, this species occupies rough and open ground
where thistles abound (UKMoths)
including Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Caernarvonshire, Cambridgeshire,
Denbighshire, East Gloucestershire, East Kent, East Norfolk, East
Suffolk, Easterness, Forfar, Glamorgan, Herefordshire, Hertfordshire,
Huntingdonshire, Kincardine, Middlesex, North Aberdeen, North Ebudes,
North Essex, North Hampshire, North Somerset, North Wiltshire, Northumberland
South, South Aberdeen, South Lancaster, South Somerset, South Wiltshire,
Stafford, Surrey, Warwickshire, West Gloucestershire, West Norfolk,
West Suffolk and Worcestershire (NBN
Gateway - N.B. includes Watsonian Vice Counties having publicly
available records that fall within or overlap the vice county border
at 10km resolution or better i.e. a record for a vice county may
relate to an adjacent vice county - for included datasets see NBN
Grid map below). See also British
leafminers distribution map.
NBN Grid map: Note that not all datasets on the NBN Gateway may be available on the map below. If you are an NBN Gateway registered user you can request access for missing datasets via the link 'Open interactive map in new window' below.
Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria,
Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Corsica, Czech Republic, Danish mainland,
Estonia, European Turkey, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek
mainland, Hungary, Ireland, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Macedonia, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia
- Central, East, North amd South, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish
mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands and Ukraine (Karsholt
and van Nieukerken in Fauna
Europaea).
NBN
interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain
and Ireland and elsewhere:
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Carduus
acanthoides, Carduus
crispus, Carduus
nutans, Cirsium
acaule, Cirsium
arvense, Cirsium
eriophorum, Cirsium
erisithales, Cirsium
oleraceum, Cirsium
palustre, Cirsium
rivulare, Cirsium
vulgare, ? Tussilago
farfara |
Parasitoids
in Britain and elsewhere: Unknown.
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