Leaf mine: Large, transparent, in fresh condition pale green blotch that begins at the leaf margin, without an accumulation of frass. Mine and larva are undistinguishable from those of S. vicina, but vicina larvae live from mid May till mid June, while the larvae of betuleti are found only in August - October (Bladmineerders van Europa).

The mine is also illustrated in British leafminers.

Larva: The larva is pale green, with a brown head (British leafminers). The larva is also illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.

Pupa: Details unknown.

Adult: The adult is illustrated in ECatSym - Electronic World Catalog of Symphyta.

Hosts in Britain:

Hosts elsewhere:

Time of year - larvae: May - June (British leafminers).

Time of year - adults: Unknown.

Comments: Full synonymy and references are listed in ECatSym - Electronic World Catalog of Symphyta.

Distribution in Great Britain & Ireland: A female was found in May 1942 in Ireland (Liston and O'Connor, 2005) and the species has subsequently been recorded in mainland Britain (British leafminers - Newsletter 12).

NBN Grid map:

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria, Belgium, Finland, Germany, Luxembourg and Sweden (van Achterberg in Fauna Europaea).

NBN interactive distribution map(s) of known host species in Great Britain and Ireland and elsewhere:

Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Unknown.