The leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects
 

(Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera)

by Brian Pitkin, Willem Ellis, Colin Plant and Rob Edmunds

 

Agromyza vicifoliae Hering, 1932
[Diptera: Agromyzidae]

Agromyza vicifoliae Hering, 1932b. Z. PflKrankh. 42: 572
Agromyza vicifoliae Hering, 1932b; Spencer, 1972b. Handbk ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 39, 118
Agromyza vicifoliae Hering, 1932b; Spencer, 1976. Fauna ent. Scand. 5(1): 145, figs 254-5.
Agromyza vicifoliae Hering, 1932b; Spencer, 1990. Host specialization in the world Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 112, 127, 129 (fig. 463).


Leaf-miner: Mine initially linear, adjoining margin of leaf, later developing into a blotch, always on the mid-rib (Spencer, 1976: 145, fig. 265).

Blotch, preceded by a corridor that closely follows the leaf margin. The blotch is mined much deeper (and therefore more transparent) than the corridor. The blotch is precisely positioned over te midrib of the leaflet. Frass very sparingly in the corridor, in the blotch as a few large lumps. Pupation outside the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Forms a blotch over the mid-rib without an initial gallery mine. Frass dispersed (British leafminers).

Mines of Agromyza vicifoliae on Vicia. Image: Rob Edmunds (British leafminers)
Mines of Agromyza vicifoliae on Vicia
Image: © Rob Edmunds (British leafminers)

Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.

Posterior spiracles each with 3 bulbs (Spencer, 1976: 145).

Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).

Yellowish-red (Spencer, 1976: 145).

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Fabaceae        
Vicia       British leafminers
Vicia       Spencer, 1972b: 118
Vicia cracca Tufted Vetch British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Robbins, 1991: 46
Vicia hirsuta Hairy Tare British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Robbins, 1991: 46
Vicia sativa Common Vetch British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Mines in BMNH
Vicia sepium Bush Vetch British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Robbins, 1991: 46

Hosts elsewhere:

Fabaceae        
Vicia       Spencer, 1976: 145
Vicia       Spencer, 1990: 112
Vicia cracca Tufted Vetch British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Spencer, 1976: 145
Vicia cracca Tufted Vetch British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Vicia hirsuta Hairy Tare British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Vicia sepium Bush Vetch British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa

Time of year - mines: July.

Time of year - adults: Currently unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread but local in Britain including Surrey (Box Hill), Dunbartonshire (Bonhill) (Spencer, 1972b: 39), Warwickshire (Ansley) (Robbins, 1991: 46) and Cambridgeshire,
Glamorgan and South Lancashire (NBN Atlas).

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread throughout much of continental Europe, including Norway, Sweden and Sicily (Spencer, 1976: 145), The Netherlands (Bladmineerders van Europa), Germany (Spencer, 1976: 550), Belarus, Corsica, Czech Republic, Estonia, French mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spanish mainland and Switzerland (Fauna Europaea).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

Vicia cracca, Vicia hirsuta, Vicia sativa, Vicia sepium

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:

Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available  
Exotela viciae Griffiths, 1984 Braconidae: Alysiinae


External links: Search the internet:
Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea
NBN Atlas
NHM UK Checklist
Find using Google
Find using Google Scholar
Find images using Google


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