The leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects
 

(Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera)

by Brian Pitkin, Willem Ellis, Colin Plant and Rob Edmunds

 

Cerodontha lateralis (Macquart, 1835)
[Diptera: Agromyzidae]

Agromyza lateralis Macquart, 1835. Hist. nat. Ins., Dipt. 2: 609
Agromyza vittigera Zetterstedt, 1848. Diptera Scandinaviae. 7: 2760
Agromyza variceps Zetterstedt, 1860. Diptera Scandanaviae 14: 6453
Agromyza vittigera Zetterstedt, 1848; Hendel, 1931. Fliegen palaearkt. Reg. 6(2): 40
Agromyza variceps (Zetterstedt, 1860) ; Hendel, 1931. Fliegen palaearkt. Reg. 6(2): 40
Cerodontha (Poemyza) lateralis (Macquart, 1835); Nowakowski, 1962. Annls zool., Warsz. 20: 123
Cerodontha (Poemyza) lateralis (Macquart, 1835); Nowakowski, 1967. Polskie Pismo ent. 37: 650
Cerodontha (Poemyza) lateralis (Macquart, 1835); Nowakowski, 1972. Polskie Pismo ent. 42(4): 745
Cerodontha (Poemyza) lateralis (Macquart, 1835); Spencer, 1972b. Handbk ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 102
Cerodontha (Poemyza) lateralis (Macquart, 1835); Spencer, 1973a.
Agromyzidae (Diptera) of Economic Importance. Series Ent. 9: 285
Cerodontha (Poemyza) lateralis (Macquart, 1835); Spencer, 1976. Fauna ent. Scand. 5(1): 192-194, figs 337-340.
Cerodontha (Poemyza) lateralis (Macquart, 1835); Spencer, 1990. Host specialization in the world Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 356, 367, 368 (fig. 1382).


Leaf-miner: A linear mine running towards the apex of the leaf and this can widen and become almost blotch-like. Pupation internal (Spencer, 1976: 194, 195 (fig. 340).

Upper surface corridor, mostly in the lower half of the blade, running upwards, and never occuping more than half the width of the leaf. Larva solitary. Frass in green smears. Pupation inside the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.

The larva is described by Nowakowski (1973) and Venturi (1935). The two rear arms of the cephalic skeleton dark form most of their length. Posterior spiracles laterally with a black, finely spinulose wart, wich is not so large that it covers the tracheal tube behind it (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).

Brownish-black (Spencer, 1976: 194). Illustrated in Bladmineerders van Europa.

Cerodontha lateralis puparium
Cerodontha lateralis puparium
Image: © Willem Ellis (Bladmineerders van Europa)

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Poaceae        
Dactylis       Robbins, 1991: 136
Elymus repens Common Couch British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Spencer, 1972b: 122
Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary-grass British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Spencer, 1972b: 102
Triticum aestivum Bread Wheat   Spencer, 1972b: 125

Hosts elsewhere:

Poaceae        
Apera       Bladmineerders van Europa
Elytrigia       Spencer, 1976: 194
Elytrigia       Spencer, 1990: 356
Elymus repens Common Couch British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Hordeum       Spencer, 1976: 194
Hordeum       Spencer, 1990: 356
Hordeum vulgare Six-rowed Barley   Bladmineerders van Europa
Phalaris       Bladmineerders van Europa
Phleum       Bladmineerders van Europa
Poa pratensis Smooth Meadow-grass British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Secale       Spencer, 1976: 194
Secale       Spencer, 1990: 356
Secale cereale Rye   Bladmineerders van Europa
Triticum       Spencer, 1976: 194
Triticum       Spencer, 1990: 356
Triticum aestivum Bread Wheat   Bladmineerders van Europa

Time of year - mines: June-September (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Time of year - adults: May.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Uncommon in England including Huntingdonshire (Woodwalton Fen), Suffolk (Barton Mills) (Spencer, 1972b: 102), Warwickshire (Binley, Corley and Exhall) (Robbins, 1991: 136); Cambridgeshire, East Kent, East Suffolk, Huntingdonshire, North Somerset, South Essex, South-west Yorkshire and West Gloucestershire (NBN Atlas).

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe (Spencer, 1972b: 102) including Denmark, Finland, the [former] U.S.S.R. (Spencer, 1976: 194), The Netherlands (Bladmineerders van Europa), Belgium (Scheirs, de Bruyn and von Tschirnhaus, 1996), Germany (Spencer, 1976: 554), Czech Republic, European Turkey, French mainland, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Spanish mainland and Yugoslavia (Fauna Europaea).

Also recorded in Japan (Spencer, 1976: 194) and Canada (Spencer, 1969a: 131).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

Elymus repens, Hordeum vulgare, Phalaris arundinacea, Poa pratensis, Secale cereale, Triticum aestivum

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:

Chalcidoidea   
Diglyphus isaea (Walker, 1838) Eulophidae: Eulophinae
Halticoptera circulus (Walker, 1833) Pteromalidae: Miscogastrinae
Pachyneuron muscarum (Linnaeus, 1758) Pteromalidae: Pteromalinae
Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available  
Chorebus fordi (Nixon, 1954) Braconidae: Alysiinae


External links: Search the internet:
Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea
NBN Atlas
NHM UK Checklist
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Find images using Google


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