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Leaf- and stem-miner: Mine predominantly in the leaves. The beginning of the mine is a full depth corridor lying on the leaf margin, with or without large, black frass grains. The larva goes through the stem, mines leaf after leaf, hollowing these out (Hering, 1957).

The larva mines a number of leaves, and bores in the stem segments inbetween. Frass, as far as visible, in large black lumps. Pupation outside the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.

Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).

Comments: Ackland in Chandler (1978) did not indicate whether his host record was British or Foreign and is therefore included under 'Hosts in Britain' and 'Hosts elsewhere'.

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Caryophyllaceae
? Honckenya	peploides	Sea Sandwort		Ackland in Chandler, 1978: 227

Hosts elsewhere:

Caryophyllaceae
Minuartia				Hering, 1957
? Honckenya	peploides	Sea Sandwort		Ackland in Chandler, 1978: 227
Honckenya	peploides	Sea Sandwort		Hering, 1957
Honckenya	peploides	Sea Sandwort		Bladmineerders van Europa

Time of year - mines: July (Hering, 1957).

Time of year - adults: Currently unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Recorded in Britain by Ackland (1978) including Anglesey, Ayrshire, East Ross, East Suffolk, East Sutherland, Easterness, Elgin, Glamorgan and West Norfolk (NBN Atlas).

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Germany (Teschner, 1999), Denmark, Norwegian mainland, Poland and Russia - North (Michelsen in Fauna Europaea).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: