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Stem-borer: Larva boring the stems or leaf-stalk. Pupation internal (Spencer, 1972b: 19).

Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.

Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).

Shining reddish brown; posterior spiracular processes separated by their own diameter, each with an ellipse of some 30 minute bulbs around the small central horn (Spencer, 1972b: 19).

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Boraginaceae
Symphytum	officinale	Common Comfrey		Spencer, 1972b: 121
Symphytum	officinale	Common Comfrey		Spencer, 1990: 199

Hosts elsewhere: Currently unknown.

Time of year - larvae: Currently unknown.

Time of year - adults: Currently unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Local. Huntingdonshire (Woodwalton Fen) (Spencer, 1972b: 19); Cambridgeshire (NBN Atlas).

Distribution elsewhere: Belgium, Czech Republic and Lithuania (Fauna Europaea).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: