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Petiole-borer: Feeds and pupariates in the petiole (Spencer, 1990: 21).

Essentially a borer in the petiole, but now and then the larva may also make corridors in the leaf blade. Pupation in the petiole (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.

Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).

The puparium is described by de Meijere (1943). Brownish-black; posterior spiracles greatly enlarged, on projections extending laterally, each with a double ellipse of numerous minute bulbs (Spencer, 1976: 499-500).

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland: Currently unknown.

Hosts elsewhere:

Ranunculaceae
Caltha				Spencer, 1990: 21
Caltha	palustris	Marsh Marigold		Spencer, 1976: 499
Caltha	palustris	Marsh Marigold		Bladmineerders van Europa

Time of year - larvae: Currently unknown.

Time of year - adults: Currently unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Added to British checklist by Smith and Henshaw in Chandler, 1998. Recorded in East Ross (NBN Atlas).

Also recorded from Lough Ballynafid, Co. Westmeath, Ireland (Chandler and O'Connor).

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Belgium (Scheirs, de Bruyn and von Tschirnhaus, 1999), Denmark, Germany (Spencer, 1976: 499) and Estonia (Fauna Europaea).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: