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Seed/Shoot feeder: Larva feeds in the flower heads of composites and other plants drawing together the petals to form a shelter and eating out the immature seeds; also on young shoots drawing together the terminal leaves and eating out the heart (Bradley et al., 1973).

Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).

Head and prothoracic plate light brown or yellowish brown, head with a black lateral marking; abdomen light yellow, sometimes pale greenish grey dorsally, translucent; pinacula small, black; peritreme of spiracles black; anal plate yelowish brown, marked with black; anal comb black; thoracic legs yellowish; terminal segments brownish (Bradley et al., 1973).

Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).

Blackish brown (Bradley et al., 1973).

Adult: The adult is illustrated in UKMoths by Helen Bartock. The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Asteraceae
Chrysanthemum				Bradley et al., 1973
Hieracium				Bradley et al., 1973
Hypochaeris				Bradley et al., 1973
Leontodon				Bradley et al., 1973
Senecio				Bradley et al., 1973
Taraxacum				Bradley et al., 1973
Caryophyllaceae
Silene	uniflora	Sea Campion		Bradley et al., 1973, as Silene maritima
Cistaceae
Helianthemum				Bradley et al., 1973
Crassulaceae
Umbilicus	rupestris	Navelwort		Pitkin & Plant
Lamiaceae
Teucrium				Bradley et al., 1973
Rosaceae
Dryas	octopetala	Mountain Avens		Bradley et al., 1973

Hosts elsewhere: Currently unknown.

Time of year - larvae: June (Bradley et al., 1973).

Time of year - adults: July (Bradley et al., 1973).

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Britain including Anglesey, Caernarvonshire, Cambridgeshire, Cardiganshire, Denbighshire, Derbyshire, Dorset, Derbyshire, Dorset, Durham, East Cornwall, East Norfolk, East Suffolk, Flintshire, Glamorgan, Hertfordshire, Isle of Wight, Kincardineshire, Kirkudbrightshire, Linlithgow, Merionethshire, Montgomeryshire, North Aberdeenshire, Outer Hebrides, Pembrokeshire, South Devon, South Lancashire, South-east Yorkshire, South-west Yokeshire, Stafford, West Cornwall, West Gloucestershire, West Norfolk, West Suffolk, Westmorland and Wigtownshire (NBN Atlas).

Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Fauna Europaea and National Biodiversity Data Centre Map).

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in west Europe including French mainland, Italian mainland, Portuguese mainland and Spanish mainland (Fauna Europaea).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:

Belgian Lepidoptera
Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea
NBN Atlas
NHM UK Checklist
UKMoths