The leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects
 

(Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera)

by Brian Pitkin, Willem Ellis, Colin Plant and Rob Edmunds

 

Hexomyza schineri (Giraud, 1861)
[Diptera: Agromyzidae]

Sallow stem galler


Agromyza schineri Giraud, 1861. Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 11: 484
Agromyza schineri Giraud, 1861; Hendel, 1931. Fliegen palaearkt. Reg. 6(2): 162
Hexomyza schineri (Giraud, 1861); Spencer, 1966. Beitr. Ent. 16: 42
Hexomyza schineri (Giraud, 1861); Spencer, 1972b. Handbk ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 14 (figs 11-13), 15, 118-120
Hexomyza schineri (Giraud, 1861); Spencer, 1976. Fauna ent. Scand. 5(1): 37, figs 11-14
Hexomyza schineri (Giraud, 1861); Spencer, 1990. Host specialization in the World Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 80 (fig. 295), 81, 93.


Gall: An oval twig gall up to 10 mm long (Redfern et al, 2002: 387, fig 588), sometimes several arranged spirally around twig each containing one larva.

Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.

Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).

Yellowish grey to brown (Redfern et al, 2002: 387, fig 589); posterior spiracles on short stalks, each with three minute bulbs (Spencer, 1972b: 14 (fig. 13), 15).

Adults: The adults, including the halteres, are uniformly black, as in other British species of Hexomyza.

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Salicaceae        
Populus nigra Black-poplar British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Robbins, 1983: 24
Populus nigra Black-poplar British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Spencer, 1972b: 119
Populus tremula Aspen British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Spencer, 1972b: 120

Hosts elsewhere:

Salicaceae        
Populus       Spencer, 1990: 81
Populus tremuloides American Aspen   Spencer, 1990: 81

Time of year - galls: May-June.

Time of year - adults: Currently unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Hertfordshire (Hoddesdon) (Spencer, 1972: 15), Warwickshire (Coventry) (Robbins, 1983: 23) and Surrey (NBN Atlas).

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria, Germany, France, Spain (Spencer, 1976: 37), Belgium, Italian mainland and Poland (Fauna Europaea).

Also recorded in Canada from New Brunswick to British Columbia (Spencer, 1969a: 81) and in the U.S.A. from Washington State to New Mexico (Spencer, 1990: 81).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

Populus nigra, Populus tremula, Populus tremuloides

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:

Chalcidoidea  
Entedon diotimus Walker, 1839 Eulophidae: Entedoninae
Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available  
Chorebus gedanensis (Ratzeburg, 1852) Braconidae: Alysiinae


External links: Search the internet:
Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea
NBN Atlas
NHM UK Checklist
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