The leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects
 

(Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera)

by Brian Pitkin, Willem Ellis, Colin Plant and Rob Edmunds

 

Phytomyza kaltenbachi Hendel, 1922
[Diptera: Agromyzidae]


Phytomyza kaltenbachi Hendel, 1922. Wien. ent. Ztg. 39: 66
Phytomyza atragenis Hering, 1931a. Z. wiss. InsektBiol. 21: 107
Phytomyza philactaeae Hering, 1932a. Z. wiss. InsektBiol. 26 (7-10): 159
Phytomyza kaltenbachi var. philactaeae Hering, 1932a; Hendel, 1934. Fliegen palaearkt. Reg. 6(2): 420
Phytomyza kaltenbachi Hendel, 1922; Hendel, 1935. Fliegen palaearkt. Reg. 6(2): 419
Phytomyza kaltenbachi Hendel, 1922; Spencer, 1976. Fauna ent. Scand. 5(1): 435-6, figs 759-60
Phytomyza kaltenbachi Hendel, 1922; Spencer, 1990. Host specialization in the World Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 21, 23, 32 (figs 96-7), 33, 50.


Leaf-mine: The first instar larva forms a shallow winding linear mine on the underside of the leaf, later forming a broad upper surface mine (Spencer, 1976: 436); initially frass in a narrow central line which after the larva moves to the upperside of the leaf is in irregular black lumps (Bladmineerders van Europa). Pupation internal (Spencer, 1976: 436).

Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.

Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).

The puparium is described by de Meijere (1928 and 1938a). Yellowish; posterior spiracles each with 13-16 bulbs (Spencer, 1976: 436).

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Ranunculaceae        
Clematis alpina     Pitkin & Plant

Hosts elsewhere:

Ranunculaceae        
Actaea       Spencer, 1990: 23
Actaea spicata Baneberry British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Clematis       Spencer, 1990: 23
Clematis alpina     Spencer, 1976: 436
Clematis alpina     Bladmineerders van Europa
Clematis recta     Spencer, 1976: 436
Clematis recta     Bladmineerders van Europa
Clematis vitalba Traveller's-joy British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Spencer, 1976: 436
Clematis vitalba Traveller's-joy British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa

Time of year - larvae: June-August (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Time of year - adults: Currently unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Phytomyza kaltenbachi was restored to the British checklist by Henshaw in Chandler, 1998.

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria, Denmark, Germany, Sweden (Spencer, 1976: 436), European Turkey, Poland and Switzerland (Fauna Europaea).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

Actaea spicata, Clematis vitalba

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Currently unknown.



External links: Search the internet:
Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea
NBN Atlas
NHM UK Checklist
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