Phytomyza
tussilaginis Hendel, 1925
[Diptera:
Agromyzidae]
Phytomyza
tussilaginis Hendel, 1925. Konowia 4: 308
Phytomyza tussilaginis Hendel, 1925; Hendel, 1935. Fliegen
palaearkt. Reg. 6(2): 493
Phytomyza tussilaginis Hendel, 1925; Spencer, 1972b. Handbk
ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 81, 83 (figs 264-5), 114, 115
Phytomyza tussilaginis Hendel, 1925; Spencer, 1976. Fauna ent. Scand. 5(1): 522, figs 914-5.
Phytomyza tussilaginis Hendel, 1925; Spencer, 1990. Host
specialization in the World Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 293, 296
(fig. 1142), 298.
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Leaf-miner: A
long linear greenish-white mine which can conspicuously widen at
end, with frass in separate grains (Spencer, 1972b: 81, 83 (figs 264-5); Spencer,
1976: 522, 523 (fig. 915).
Upper-surface,
quite long corridor with irregular sides, in the end about 4 mm
wide. Frass in discrete grains, alternating along the sides. Pupation
outside the mine; exit slit in upper epidermis (Bladmineerders van Europa).
A long narrow mine, widening at the end and often forming a secondary blotch (British
leafminers).
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
The larva is described by Griffiths (1972)
and Dempewolf (2001: 198);
posterior spiracles each with 25-31 bulbs. The larva is illustrated in (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
The puparium is described by Griffiths (1972).
Black; posterior spiracles each with an ellipse of 25-30 minute
bulbs (Spencer, 1976: 522).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Asteraceae |
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Adenostyles |
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Hering,
1957a |
Adenostyles |
alliariae |
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Huber,
1969a |
Adenostyles |
alliariae |
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Macek,
1999a |
Adenostyles |
glabra
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Huber,
1969a |
Adenostyles |
glabra
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Macek,
1999a |
Petasites
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Spencer,
1976: 522 |
Petasites |
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Spencer,
1990: 293 |
Petasites |
albus |
White
Butterbur |
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Bladmineerders van Europa |
Petasites |
frigidus
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Spencer,
1976: 522 |
Petasites |
frigidus
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Bladmineerders van Europa |
Petasites |
hybridus
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Butterbur |
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Spencer,
1976: 522 |
Petasites |
hybridus
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Butterbur |
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Bladmineerders van Europa |
Petasites |
paradoxus |
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Bladmineerders van Europa |
Tussilago |
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Spencer,
1990: 293 |
Tussilago |
farfara
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Colt's-foot |
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Spencer,
1976: 522 |
Tussilago |
farfara
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Colt's-foot |
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Dempewolf,
2001: 198 |
Tussilago |
farfara
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Colt's-foot |
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Bladmineerders van Europa |
Time
of year - mines: June-August.
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread. Surrey (Box Hill),
Derby (Miller's Dale), Denbighshire (Cefn-y-bedd) (Spencer, 1972b: 81), Warwickshire (Hawkesbury) (Robbins,
1991: 110); Buckinghamshire, East Gloucestershire, Easterness, Glamorgan, Hertfordshire, Main Argyll,
North Ebudes, North Essex, Shropshire, South Lancashire, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Surrey and Westmorland (NBN
Atlas).
Also
recorded in the Republic of Ireland: Co. Tipperary (Tipperary) (Spencer, 1972b: 81). Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Denmark, Finland,
Sweden, [former] U.S.S.R. (Spencer,
1976: 522), The Netherlands (Bladmineerders van Europa), Germany (Spencer,
1976: 522; Dempewolf, 2001:
198), Austria, Czech Republic, French mainland, Italian mainland,
Poland and Romania (Fauna Europaea).
Also
recorded in Alaska and Canada (Spencer,
1976: 522). NBN Atlas links to known host species:
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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