The leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects
 

(Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera)

by Brian Pitkin, Willem Ellis, Colin Plant and Rob Edmunds

 

Cerodontha scirpi (Karl, 1926)
[Diptera: Agromyzidae]

Dizygomyza scirpi Karl, 1926. Stettin. ent. Ztg. 87: 137
Cerodontha (Butomyza) scirpi (Karl, 1926); Nowakowski, 1967. Polskie Pismo ent. 37: 638
Cerodontha (Butomyza) scirpi (Karl, 1926); Nowakowski, 1972. Polskie Pismo ent. 42(4): 751
Cerodontha (Butomyza) scirpi (Karl, 1926); Spencer 1972b. Handbk. ident. Br. Ins.: 100
Cerodontha (Butomyza) scirpi (Karl, 1926); Spencer, 1976. Fauna ent. Scand. 5(1): 209, figs 361-2
Cerodontha (Butomyza) scirpi (Karl, 1926); Spencer, 1990. Host specialization in the world Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 349, 350 (fig. 1322), 351, 380.


Leaf-miner: A very long mine. Pupation at base of leaf (Spencer, 1972b: 100).

Very long upper-surface corridor, at the end about 1/3 of the width of the leaf. The mine usually begins about halfway along the blade and descends within the leaf sheath. Just before pupation all frass is deposited in one big mass. Puparium within the mine, where it also passes the winter (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.

The larva is described by de Meijere (1928 and 1937), Dempewolf (2001: 111) and Nowakowski (1973). Anterior spiracles very large, bifid, with 24-30 papillae. Posterior spiracles large as well, with 3 hook-like bulbs. Body yellow.

Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).

Brown, rather flat (Spencer, 1972b: 100).

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Cyperaceae        
Carex       Pitkin & Plant as Butomyza scirpi
Scirpus sylvaticus Wood Club-rush   Spencer, 1972b: 122

Hosts elsewhere:

Cyperaceae        
Scirpus sylvaticus Wood Club-rush   Spencer, 1976: 209
Scirpus sylvaticus Wood Club-rush   Spencer, 1990: 349
Scirpus sylvaticus Wood Club-rush   Dempewolf, 2001: 111
Scirpus sylvaticus Wood Club-rush   Bladmineerders van Europa
Schoenoplectus
maritimus Sea Club-rush   Bladmineerders van Europa

Time of year - mines: Currently unknown.

Time of year - adults: Currently unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Probably widespread. Surrey (Godalming) (Spencer, 1972b: 100) and Cambridgeshire and Stafford (NBN Atlas).

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden (Spencer, 1976: 209), Germany (Spencer, 1976: 554; Dempewolf, 2001: 111), Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland and Slovakia (Fauna Europaea).

Also recorded in Canada (Spencer, 1969a: 123).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

Scirpus sylvaticus, Schoenoplectus maritimus

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:

Ichneumonoidea - Links to species no longer available  
Chorebus merellus (Nixon, 1937) Braconidae: Alysiinae
Phaedrotoma variegata (Szépligeti, 1896) Braconidae: Opiinae


External links: Search the internet:
Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life
Fauna Europaea
NBN Atlas
NHM UK Checklist
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