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Sphaeroderma testaceum (Fabricius, 1775) Sphaeroderma testaceum (Fabricius, 1775) |
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Leaf-miner: Long corridor, often following the leaf margin, with little frass and with the sides irrregularly eaten out. The first part of the corridor is full depth and makes a few close loops; the later part is more upper-surface and rather wide. Primary feeding lines often conspicuous. No morphological differences are known between the larva of S. rubidum and S. testaceum (Steinhausen, 1994a). However, there is a phenological difference: the larva of testaceum hibernates in the mine and continues feeding after winter; S. rubidum vacates the mine before winter and pupates in the soil. Hering (1957a) suggests that the identification of the beetles is an easy matter, but that is contradicted by Warchalowski (2003a). (Bladmineerders van Europa) |
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Larva: The larvae of beetles have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles and lack abdominal legs (see examples). According to Cox (2007a) both S. rubidum and S. testaceum hibernate as larvae! (Bladmineerders van Europa) Pupa: The pupae of beetles have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples). Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Time of year - larvae: Larvae live from August until June next year (Hering, 1957a). Time of year - adults: Currently unknown. Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread in Britain including Anglesey, Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Breconshire, Buckinghamshire, Caernarvonshire, Cambridgeshire, Cardiganshire, Cheshire, Carmarthenshire, Cumberland, Denbighshire, Derbyshire, Dorset, Dumfriesshire, East Cornwall, East Gloucestershire, East Kent, East Norfolk, East Suffolk, East Sussex, Fife, Flintshire, Glamorgan, Isle of Man, Isle of Wight, Leicestershire, Merionethshire, Mid-west Yorkshire, Middlesex, Monmouthshire, Montgomeryshire, North Somerset, North-east Yorkshire, Northamptonshire, Oxfordshire, Pembrokeshire, RAdnorshire, Shropshire, South Essex, South Hampshire, South Lancashire, West Norfolk, West Suffolk, West Sussex, Westmorland and Wigtownshire (NBN Atlas). Also recorded in Ireland (InvertebrateIreland Online). Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in Europe including Albania, Austria, Balearic Is., Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Crete, Croatia, Cyprus, Cyclades Is., Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Kaliningrad Region, Latvia, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia - Central and South, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine and Yugoslavia. Also recorded from the Near East and Nearctic (Audisio in Fauna Europaea). NBN Atlas links to known host species: British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Currently unknown. |
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| Last updated 08-Jul-2019 Brian Pitkin |  |
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