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Leaf-miner: The frass is linear in early part of mine (British leafminers).

Egg at the underside of the leaf, generally near a vein. The mine is s slender corridor. Frass in its first part in a narrow central line. The frass pattern in the later segment is very variable: sometimes in a narrow central line, sometimes broadly dispersed or even coiled. Especially in the latter case confusion with St. lemniscella is hard to avoid. The only reliable character that remains then is that the exit slit is in the lower epidermis (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Larva: The larvae of moths have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles (see video of a gracillarid larva feeding), six thoracic legs and abdominal legs (see examples).

The larva is green. The larva exits on the underside of the leaf (British leafminers).

Blue green (amber in lemmiscella); see Gustafsson and van Nieukerken (1990a) for a description (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Pupa: The pupae of moths have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).

Adult: The adult is not illustrated in UKMoths (check for update). The species is included in mothdissection.co.uk.

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Ulmaceae
Ulmus				British leafminers
Ulmus	glabra	Wych Elm		Pitkin & Plant
Ulmus	procera	English Elm		Pitkin & Plant

Hosts elsewhere:

Ulmaceae
Ulmus				Belgian Lepidoptera
Ulmus	glabra	Wych Elm		Bladmineerders van Europa
Ulmus	x hollandica	Dutch Elm		Bladmineerders van Europa
Ulmus	laevis	European White-elm		Bladmineerders van Europa
Ulmus	minor	Small Leaved Elm		Bladmineerders van Europa
Ulmus	pumila			Bladmineerders van Europa

Time of year - larvae: August - September (British leafminers).

Time of year - adults: Currently unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Britain including Anglesey, Bedfordshire, Breconshire, Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Dorset, East Cornwall, East Gloucestershire, East Kent, East Norfolk, East Suffolk, Glamorgan, Hertfordshire, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Wight, Leicestershire, Middlesex, North Hampshire, North Somerset, Northamptonshire, North Northumberland, Shropshire, South-west Yorkshire, Stafford, Surrey, West Cornwall, Gloucestershire, West Norfolk and West Suffolk (NBN Atlas).

See also British leafminers distribution map.

Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Fauna Europaea and National Biodiversity Data Centre Map).

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Corsica, Croatia, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Republic of Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia - East, Sardinia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, and Yugoslavia (Fauna Europaea).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: