The leaf and stem mines of British flies and other insects
 

(Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera)

by Brian Pitkin, Willem Ellis, Colin Plant and Rob Edmunds

  

Orthochaetes setiger (Beck, 1817)
[Coleoptera : Curculionidae]

Rynchaenus setiger Beck, 1817
Orthochaetes setiger (Beck, 1817)
Orthochaetes setulosus Gyllenhal, 1836.
Orthochaetes erinaceusJacquelin du Val, 1854
Orthochaetes rubricatus Fairmaire, 1861.
Orthochaetes discoidalis Fairmaire, 1869
Orthochaetes plagiatus Schilsky, 1907.

Leaf-miner: The mine begins in the midrib, especially in a lower leaf, extending into the leaf disc, branching irregularly or pinnately, may also locally be blotch like. The mine is brown and very transparent. Sides very irregularly eaten out. Frass loosely dispersed or in a loose central line, buy may also be pressed against the sides of the corridor. The larva may also leave the mine and restart elsewhere (Bladmineerders van Europa).

Forms an irregular branched corridor mine associated with the midrib or from the petiole. The larvae changes leaves and the mine develops into a blotch in the second leaf (British leafminers).

Larva: The larvae of beetles have a head capsule and chewing mouthparts with opposable mandibles and lack abdominal legs (see examples).

The larva is illustrated in British leafminers and Bladmineerders van Europa.

Orthochaetes setiger larva, dorsal
Orthochaetes setiger larva, dorsal
Image: © Jean-Yves Baugnée (Bladmineerders van Europa)

Pupa: The pupae of beetles have visible head appendages, wings and legs which lie in sheaths (see examples).

Comments: Leontodon autumnalis is treated as Scorzoneroides autumnalis (Autumn Hawkbit) by Stace (2010).

Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:

Amaryllidaceae        
Allium ursinum Ramsons British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. British leafminers
Allium ursinum Ramsons British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Pitkin & Plant
Asteraceae        
Centaurea       British leafminers
Centaurea       Pitkin & Plant
Hieracium       British leafminers
Hieracium       Pitkin & Plant
Lactuca       British leafminers
Lactuca       Pitkin & Plant
Sonchus       British leafminers
Sonchus       Pitkin & Plant
Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. British leafminers
Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Pitkin & Plant
Boraginaceae        
Myosotis       British leafminers
Myosotis       Pitkin & Plant
Lamiaceae        
Ajuga       British leafminers
Ajuga       Pitkin & Plant
Plantaginaceae        
Plantago       British leafminers
Plantago       Pitkin & Plant
Primulaceae        
Cyclamen hederifolium Sowbread British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. British leafminers
Cyclamen hederifolium Sowbread British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Pitkin & Plant
Cyclamen persicum Florist's Cyclamen   British leafminers
Cyclamen persicum Florist's Cyclamen   Pitkin & Plant

Hosts elsewhere:

Asteraceae        
Aposeris       Bladmineerders van Europa
Bellidiastrum michelii     Bladmineerders van Europa
Centaurea       Bladmineerders van Europa
Chondrilla       Bladmineerders van Europa
Cichorium intybus Chicory British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Crepis biennis Rough Hawk's-beard British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Hieracium cymosum     Bladmineerders van Europa
Hieracium murorum     Bladmineerders van Europa
Hypochaeris radicata Cat's-ear British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Lactuca virosa Great Lettuce British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Lapsana communis Nipplewort British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Leontodon autumnalis Autumn Hawkbit British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Leontodon hispidus Rough Hawkbit British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Leucanthemum vulgare Oxeye Daisy British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Mycelis muralis Wall Lettuce British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Picris hieracioides Hawkweed Oxtongue British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Pilosella officinarum Mouse-ear-hawkweed British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa, as Hieracium pilosella
Solidago virgaurea Goldenrod British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Sonchus oleraceus Smooth Sow-thistle British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Taraxacum officinale agg. Dandelion British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Boraginaceae        
Myosotis sylvatica Wood Forget-me-not British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Lamiaceae        
Ajuga reptans Bugle British Wild Flowers by John Somerville et al. Bladmineerders van Europa
Plantaginaceae        
Plantago       Bladmineerders van Europa

Time of year - larvae: May-July (British leafminers).

Time of year - adults: Unknown.

Distribution in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread in Britain including Anglesey, Ayrshire, Caernarvonshire, Cambridgeshire, Cardiganshire, Cheshire, Cumberland, Derbyshire, Dorset, East Gloucestershire, East Kent, East Norfolk, East Suffolk, East Sussex, Flintshire, Glamorgan, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Wight, Leicestershire, Merionethshire, Mid-west Yorkshire, North Devon, North Somerset, North Wiltshire, North-east Yorkshire, Northamptonshire, Orkney, Oxfordshire, Pembrokeshire, South Essex, South Hampshire, South Lancashire, South Somerset, South Northumberland,South Wiltshire, South-east Yorkshire, Surrey, West Cornwall, West Gloucestershire, West Kent, West Lancashire, West Norfolk, West Suffolk and Westmorland (NBN Atlas).

Also recorded in the Republic of Ireland (Fauna Europaea) and in Ireland (InvertebrateIreland Online).

Distribution elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, French mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Sicily, Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands and Ukraine (Fauna Europaea).

NBN Atlas links to known host species:

Ajuga reptans, Allium ursinum, Cichorium intybus, Crepis biennis, Cyclamen hederifolium, Hieracium murorum, Hypochaeris radicata, Lactuca virosa, Lapsana communis, Leontodon autumnalis (= Scorzoneroides autumnalis), Leontodon hispidus, Leucanthemum vulgare, Mycelis muralis, Myosotis sylvatica, Picris hieracioides, Pilosella officinarum, Solidago virgaurea, Sonchus asper, Sonchus oleraceus, Taraxacum officinalis
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere: Currently unknown.
External links: Search the internet:

Biodiversity Heritage Library
Bladmineerders van Europa
British leafminers
Encyclopedia of Life, as Rynchaenus setiger
Fauna Europaea
NBN Atlas
NHM UK Checklist

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