Pseudonapomyza
atra (Meigen, 1830) [Diptera:
Agromyzidae]
Phytomyza
atra Meigen, 1830. Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten
europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. 6: 191
Pseudonapomyza atra (Meigen, 1830); Spencer, 1972b. Handbk
ident. Br. Ins. 10(5g): 66 (figs 221-3), 68, 69, 122,
124
Pseudonapomyza atra (Meigen, 1830); Spencer, 1976. Fauna
ent. Scand. 5(1): 328, figs 591-6.
Pseudonapomyza atra (Meigen, 1830); Spencer, 1990. Host
specialization in the World Agromyzidae (Diptera) : 354, 355,
356, 375, 376 (figs 1419-20).
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Leaf-miner: A
short narrow mine, generally near apex of leaf. Larva with each
segment bearing a row of characteristic papilli which are retained
in the puparium (Spencer, 1976:
328). Pupation internal.
Transparent,
short and narrow mine not far from the leaf tip. Frass in two rows
of grains. Pupation outside the mine (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Larva: The larvae of flies are leg-less maggots without a head capsule (see examples). They never have thoracic or abdominal legs. They do not have chewing mouthparts, although they do have a characteristic cephalo-pharyngeal skeleton (see examples), usually visible internally through the body wall.
Anterior spiracles each with 7-8 bulbs, posterior spiracles each
with 7 bulbs (Bladmineerders van Europa).
Puparium: The puparia of flies are formed within the hardened last larval skin or puparium and as a result sheaths enclosing head appendages, wings and legs are not visible externally (see examples).
Posterior spiracles each with 7 bulbs (Spencer,
1976: 328).
Comments:
Pseudonapomyza
europaea is treated as a junior synonym of Pseudonapomyza
atra in Bladmineerders van Europa.
Festuca
gigantea is treated as Schedonorus
gigantea (Giant Fescue) by Stace (2010).
Hosts in Great Britain and Ireland:
Hosts elsewhere:
Poaceae |
|
|
|
|
Agrostis |
|
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Apera |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 328 |
Apera |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 354 |
Apera |
spica-venti
|
Loose
Silky-bent |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Arrhenatherum |
elatius |
False
Oat-grass |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Avena |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 328 |
Avena |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 354 |
Avena |
sativa
|
Oat |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Dactylis |
glomerata
|
Cock's-foot |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Elymus |
repens
|
Common
Couch |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Festuca |
gigantea |
Giant
Fescue |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Holcus |
|
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Hordeum |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 328 |
Hordeum |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 356 |
Hordeum |
hexastichum |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Hordeum |
sativum |
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Lolium |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 328 |
Lolium |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 355 |
Lolium |
perenne |
Perennial
Rye-grass |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Phalaris |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 328 |
Phalaris |
|
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Phalaris |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 355 |
Poa |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 328 |
Poa |
|
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Poa |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 355 |
Secale |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 328 |
Secale |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 356 |
Secale |
cereale
|
Rye |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Trisetum |
|
|
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Triticum |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1976: 328 |
Triticum |
|
|
|
Spencer,
1990: 356 |
Triticum |
aestivum
|
Bread
Wheat |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Zea
|
mays |
Maize |
|
Bladmineerders van Europa |
Time
of year - mines: May-June, August.
Time
of year - adults: Currently unknown.
Distribution
in Great Britain and Ireland: Widespread, but local, in south
of Britain including London (Wood Green), Kent (Otford and Wrotham),
Middlesex (Scratch Wood), Surrey (Box Hill), Buckinghamshire (Ivinghoe)
(Spencer, 1972b: 69), Warwickshire
(Binley) (Robbins, 1991:
141); Cambridgeshire, Cardiganshire, Cumberland, Glamorgan, Monmouthshire, North Somerset, South-west Yorkshire, Surrey andf West Gloucestershire (NBN
Atlas). Distribution
elsewhere: Widespread in continental Europe including Austria, Germany,
Hungary, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Yugoslavia (Spencer,
1976: 328), The Netherlands (Bladmineerders van Europa), Belgium (de Meijere,
1924; de Bruyn and
von Tschirnhaus, 1991), Azores, Belarus, Bulgaria, Canary Is.,
Czech Republic, Estonia, European Turkey, French mainland, Hungary,
Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Madeira, Poland, Romania, Slovakia,
Ukraine and Yugoslavia (Fauna Europaea).
Also
recorded in Canada (Spencer,
1969a: 209). NBN Atlas links to known host species:
Apera
spica-venti, Arrhenatherum
elatius, Avena
sativa, Dactylis
glomerata, Elymus
repens, Festuca
gigantea (= Schedonorus
gigantea), Hordeum
vulgare, Lolium
perenne, Phalaris
arundinacea, Phragmites
australis, Secale
cereale, Triticum
aestivum, Zea
mays |
British and Irish Parasitoids in Britain and elsewhere:
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